142 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
pinnately 3—d-foliate ; leaflets ovate, lobed, toothed or entire, downy 
when young. Flowers dicecious, appearing from lateral buds before 
or with the leaves; the staminate on long and drooping pedicels, 
the pistillate in drooping racemes. Keys smooth, 1-14 in. long. 
River banks. Often cultivated as a quick-growing shade-tree.* 
59. HIPPOCASTANACEZ. Buckeye FAmIty. 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, long-petioled, palmately 
compound. Flowers showy, somewhat moncecious, in termi- 
nal panicles. Calyx 5-lobed, oblique. Petals 4-5, unequal. 
Stamens 5-8, hypogynous. Pistil 1; ovary 3-celled, 2 ovules 
in each cell; style slender. Fruit a 1—3-celled, leathery 
capsule, 1-3-seeded. Seeds with a large scar.* 
ZESCULUS, L. 
Characteristics of the genus as above given for the family. 
1. A. Hippocastanum, L. Horse-cnestNutT. A round-topped 
tree with frequently forking branches and stumpy twigs. Leaves 
very large, with 7 straight-veined leaflets. Flowers large and showy. 
Corolla open and spreading, of 5 white petals, spotted with purple 
and yellow. Stamens with long, curved filaments. Fruit large, coy- 
ered with stout, soft prickles when young. Cultivated from Asia. 
2. A. glabra, Willd. Onro Buckeye. A large tree, not unlike ~ 
a horse-chestnut. Leaflets generally 5. Flowers small. Corolla of 
4 upright, pale yellow petals. Stamens curved, about twice as long 
as the petals. Fruit prickly at first. River banks. 
3. 2. flava, Ait. Sweet Buckeye. Varying in size from a 
low shrub to a tall tree. Leaves with 5-7 leaflets. Flowers in a 
short, dense panicle. Petals 4, in 2 unlike pairs, bending inward, 
blades of the longer pair very small. Fruit not prickly. Woods 
W. and S. 
4, H. Pavia, L. Rep Buckeye. Shrubs; stems erect, branched, 
4-8 ft. high. Leaflets usually 5, lanceolate to narrowly oval, taper- 
pointed at both ends, finely serrate, smooth or nearly so. Flowers 
in dense, erect panicles, bright red. Stamens rather longer than 
the petals. Fruit nearly smooth. Common in open woods.* 
