DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 159 
1. E. yuccefolium, Michx. Button SNAKEROOT, RATTLESNAKE 
MAsTER. Perennial. Stem erect, branched above, striate, covered 
with a bloom, 2-5 ft. high. Leaves linear, often 2 ft. or more in 
length, rigid, covered with a bloom, parallel-veined, fringed with white 
bristles. Bracts shorter than the heads, entire, bracteoles similar 
but smaller. Flowers white. Fruit scaly. In damp soil.* 
II. SANICULA, Tourn. 
Slender, erect, perennial herbs. Rootstock short, stout, 
creeping. Leaves palmately cut. Umbels small, somewhat 
globular, irregularly compound ; bracts leafy ; bracteoles few ; 
Fic. 19.— Flower and Fruit of Umbelliferz. 
A, flower of Faniculum; B, fruit of Heracleum; C, fruit of Heracleum, cross-sec- 
tion ; o (in A), ovary; d, disk ; sg, stigma ; s, stamens ; 0 (in B, and C), oil-tubes ; 
r, ribs. A, B, and C all enlarged. 
flowers perfect or staminate, greenish or yellowish. Calyx- 
teeth as long as the small petals, sharp-pointed. Fruit ovoid, 
covered with hooked prickles, ribless, each carpel with 5 oil- 
tubes. 
1. S. marylandica,L. SANicLE, BLAack SNAKEROOT. Stem rather 
stout, 14-4 ft. high. Leaves 3-7-parted, the divisions irregularly 
serrate or dentate and often cut. Petals greenish-white, very small. 
Fruit with two slender, recurved styles at the apex. Rich woods. 
Ill. ERIGENIA, Nutt. 
A little smooth plant with a slender, unbranched stem, from 
a deep, nearly globular tuber. Leaves 1 or 2, twice or thrice 
compound in threes. Flowers few, small, in an imperfect 
leafy-bracted umbel. Calyx-teeth wanting. Petals obovate 
