DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 163 
1. C. canadensis, L. Dwarr Cornet, BuNCH-BERRY, PUDDING- 
BERRY. Stem herbaceous, excepting at the base, low (3-9 in.), and 
unbranched. Rootstock rather woody, slender, and creeping. Leaves 
in what appears to be a whorl of 4 or 6 at the summit of the stem, 
sessile, ovate, oval or nearly so, acute at each end, entire, smooth or 
very slightly downy. Flower-stalk slender, 4-14 in. long, with a 
whorl of 4-6 large, white, petal-like bracts, forming an involucre 
round the small head of greenish flowers ; the head with its invo- 
lucre appearing to others than botanists like a single flower. Fruit 
nearly spherical, scarlet, about 1 in. in diameter, in a close cluster, 
sweet and eatable, though rather insipid. Damp woods, especially N. 
2. C. florida, L. FLowrEeRtInG DoGwoop. Small trees; bark 
rough, black. Leaves opposite, petioled, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 
entire, green and shining above, paler and often downy beneath. 
Flowers small, greenish, in heads which are subtended by 4 large, 
white or pink, inversely heart-shaped bracts, thickened and greenish 
at the notch. Fruit ovoid, bright red. In rich woods S. and E.* 
3. C. circinata, L’Her. RounpD-LEAVED DoGwoop. A _ shrub 
3-10 ft. high, with green, warty twigs. Leaves petioled, roundish- 
oval, contracted to an abrupt point, entire, usually rounded or trun- 
cate at the base, pale and soft-downy beneath. Flowers in flat 
cymes, 14-24 in. in diameter. Fruit globose, light blue, + in. or less 
in diameter. Thickets often in rocky soil N. and along Alleghany 
Mountains. 
4. C. sericea, L. Kinnrkrnnikx. A shrub, 6-10 ft. high; twigs 
purple, downy when young. Leaves opposite, petioled, ovate or 
oblong, taper-pointed, smooth above, silky-downy below. Flowers 
white, in rather close cymes. Fruit blue, stone somewhat oblique. 
In low woods.* 
5. C. asperifolia, Michx. RouGH-LEAVED DoGwoop. A shrub 
8-12 ft. high ; twigs slender, reddish-brown, often warty, densely 
downy when young. Leaves opposite, short-petioled, lance-ovate 
or oblong, acute or taper-pointed, with rough down above, downy- 
woolly below. Cymes flat, spreading, the peduncle and branches 
covered with rough down. Flowers white. Fruit white or pale 
blue, stone depressed-globose. In dry woods.* 
6. C. stolonifera, Michx. Rep Oster DoGwoop. A shrub 3-15 
ft. high, with smooth, reddish-purple bark on all the younger twigs, 
spreading by suckers from the base and therefore the stems usually 
clustered. Leaves on rather slender petioles, acute or taper-pointed, 
rounded or tapered at the base, covered at least beneath by very fine, 
closely appressed hairs. Fruit white or nearly so, globose, 3 in. or 
more in diameter. Common in wet ground, especially N. 
7. C. alternifolia, L. ALTERNATE-LEAVED DoGwoop. A shrub 
or small tree; twigs greenish, striped. Leaves alternate, often 
