DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 173 
1. T. americana, Pursh. STAR-FLOWER, CHICKWEED WINTER- 
GREEN. Spreading by long and slender rootstocks, branches erect, 
stem-like, 3-9 in. high. Leaves very thin, pale green, pointed at both 
ends. Flowers white. Capsules white, marked off into polygonal 
sections, each corresponding to 1 seed. Cold woods, common N. 
IV. STEIRONEMA, Raf. 
Perennial herbs. Leaves opposite or whorled, simple, 
‘entire. Flowers yellow, axillary or racemose, on slender 
peduncles. Calyx-tube 5-parted, persistent. Corolla 5-parted, 
wheel-shaped, tube very short or none, the lobes denticulate 
at the apex, and in the bud each one enclosing a stamen. 
Stamens 5, distinct or slightly united at the base, sterile rudi- 
ments often alternating with them. Ovary globose; style 
slender. Fruit a globose, 5-valved, few or many-seeded 
capsule.* 
1. S. ciliatum, Raf. FriInGep LoosEstTRIFE. Stems erect, slen- 
der, simple, or branched, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves opposite, ovate to 
ovate-lanceolate, acute at the apex, rounded at the base, margins and 
petioles hairy-fringed; flowers solitary on axillary peduncles, 3-1 in. 
broad ; petals broadly ovate or roundish, denticulate ; calyx shorter 
than the capsule. Woods and thickets.* 
V. LYSIMACHIA, Tourn. 
Perennials, with opposite or whorled entire leaves, which 
are often dotted. Calyx 5-6-parted. Corolla wheel-shaped, 
with its divisions commonly nearly separate. Stamens gen- 
erally somewhat monadelphous at the base. 
1. L. quadrifolia, L. Four-LEAVED LOOSESTRIFE. Stem erect and 
simple, 1-2 ft. high, hairy. Leaves whorled, most frequently in 
fours, broadly lanceolate. Flowers small, axillary, and solitary, on 
long and slender peduncles. Damp or sandy soil. 
2. L. stricta, L. BuiLs-BEarinc LoosEstriFrEe. Stems 1-2 ft. 
high, finally branching, frequently producing bulblets in the leaf- 
axils after flowering. Leaves abundant, generally opposite, narrowly 
lanceolate. Flowers small, pediceled, in a long, terminal raceme. 
Low or swampy ground. 
