178 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
Corolla tubular-bell-shaped, 4-lobed. Stamens short, inserted 
at the notches of the corolla. Style short; stigma 2-lipped. 
Capsule ovoid, more or less 2-4-celled; seeds very minute 
and numerous. 
1. O. virginica, L. PeENNywort. Stem 3-8 in. high, often several 
from the same root. Leaves somewhat fleshy, wedge-obovate or 
somewhat diamond-shaped, often truncate, sessile. Flowers oppo- 
site or terminal in threes, nearly sessile. Corolla pale purple or 
nearly white. Rich woodlands, among dead leaves. 
Il. MENYANTHES, Tourn. 
Perennial, scape-bearing marsh herbs. Rootstock creeping. 
Leaves of 3 leaflets. Flowers racemed. Calyx 5-parted. 
Corolla fleshy, funnel-shaped, the limb 5-parted. Stamens 5, 
inserted on the corolla-tube. Disk of 5 hypogynous glands. 
Ovary 1-celled ; style thread-shaped ; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 
globose, many-seeded. 
1. M. trifoliata, L. Buck-pean, MArsu TreFort. Rootstocks 
stout and matted. Leaflets obtuse, entire. Flowers % in. in diam- 
eter, white or pinkish. Bogs, especially N. 
80. APOCYNACEZ. DoGBANnE FAMILY. 
Trees, shrubs, or herbs, with milky juice, often climbing. | 
Leaves usually opposite, rarely whorled; entire, nearly or 
quite without stipules. Flowers regular, solitary, or in cymes. 
Calyx 4-5-cleft. Corolla hypogynous, funnel-, salver-, or bell- 
shaped, sometimes with scales in the throat. Stamens, 4-5, 
borne on the corolla-tube or throat; filaments very short; 
anthers somewhat attached to the stigma. Ovary of 2 car- 
pels, free or somewhat united; style short; stigma entire 
or 2-cleft. Fruit of 2 many-seeded pods (in the genera here 
described). 
I. AMSONIA, Walt. 
Perennial herbs; stem erect, branched. Leaves alternate. 
Flowers in terminal panicles. Calyx small, 5-parted. Corolla 
