DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 189 
I. HELIOTROPIUM, Tour. 
Herbs or low shrubs. Leaves petioled. Flowers white, 
blue, or lilac, in one-sided, curved spikes. Calyx 5-parted. 
Corolla salver-shaped, the throat open. Anthers almost ses- 
sile. Style short; stigma conical or knobbed. Fruit sepa- 
rating into 2 or 4 nutlets. 
1. H. peruvianum, L. Common HEtiotTrope. Somewhat shrubby, 
much branched. Leaves lance-ovate or somewhat oblong, veined 
and much wrinkled, short-petioled. Flowers numerous, in a cluster 
of terminal spikes, bluish-purple or lavender, very sweet-scented, the 
odor not unlike that of vanilla. Cultivated from Peru. 
II. CYNOGLOSSUM, Tourn. 
Coarse, rough-hairy or silky biennials. Flowers small, 
bluish-purple or white, in forked and usually bractless cymes. 
Calyx 5-parted. Corolla funnel-shaped, the mouth closed by 
prominent scales, its lobes obtuse. Stamens not projecting. 
Styles stiff, persistent. Nutlets 4, covered with hooked or 
barbed bristles, attached to a thickened, conical receptacle. 
1. C. officinale, L. Hounp’s-TONGUE, SHEEP-LICE, DOG-BUR, 
STickK-TIGHTS. Stem 1-2 ft. high, soft-downy, panicled above. 
Root-leaves 8-10 in. long, long-petioled, oblong or oblong-lanceo- 
late; stem-leaves sessile, linear-oblong or lanceolate, rounded or 
heart-shaped at the base. Corolla } in. in diameter, reddish-purple. 
Nutlets 3 in. long, with a thickened border. Whole plant with a 
strong smell like that of mice. A troublesome weed, along roadsides 
and in pastures, introduced from Europe. 
2. C. virginicum, L. Witp Comrrey. Perennial. Stem stout, 
simple, erect, leafless above, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves oval or oblong, 
the upper clasping by a heart-shaped base. Racemes_ bractless. 
Flowers pale blue, on short pedicels, which are recurved in fruit. 
Nutlets not margined, separating and falling away at maturity. On 
dry soil. . 
Ill. ECHINOSPERMUM, Lehm. 
Annual or biennial herbs, grayish, with rough hairs. 
Flowers small, blue or whitish, racemed or spiked. Corolla 
salver-shaped, its throat closed with 5 concave scales. Nutlets 
