DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 205 
serrate, short-petioled. Racemes 2-4 in. long, axillary and opposite. 
Corolla wheel-shaped, blue. Capsule swollen, roundish. Muddy 
soil about springs and brooks. 
2. V. officinalis, L. Common SpEEDWELL, Gypsy WEED. 
Perennial. Roughish-downy, with the prostrate stems spreading 
and rooting. Leaves wedge-oblong or nearly so, obtuse, serrate, 
- somewhat petioled. Racemes dense, of many pale bluish flowers. 
Capsule rather large, inversely heart-shaped and somewhat trian- 
gular. Dry hillsides, open woods and fields. 
3. V. serpyllifolia, L. THyME-LEAVED SPEEDWELL. Perennial. 
Smooth or nearly so; branching and creeping below, but with nearly 
simple ascending shoots, 2-4 in. high. Leaves slightly crenate, the 
lowest ones petioled and roundish, those farther up ovate or oblong, 
the uppermost ones mere bracts. Raceme loosely flowered. Corolla 
nearly white or pale blue, beautifully striped with darker lines; cap- 
sule inversely heart-shaped, its width greater than its length. Damp 
grassy ground ; a common weed in lawns. 
4. V. peregrina, L. PursLANE SPEEDWELL. A homely, rather 
fleshy, somewhat erect-branched annual weed, 4-9 in. high. Lowest 
leaves petioled, oblong, somewhat toothed, those above them sessile, 
the uppermost ones broadly linear and entire. Flowers solitary, 
inconspicuous, whitish, barely pediceled, appearing to spring from 
the axils of the small floral leaves. Corolla shorter than the calyx. 
Roundish, barely notched, many-seeded. Common in damp ground, 
in fields and gardens. 
Vil. CASTILLEIA, Mutis. 
Herbs parasitic on the roots of other plants. Leaves alter- 
nate; the floral ones usually colored at the tip and more showy 
than the flowers. Flowers yellow or purplish in terminal 
leafy spikes. Calyx tubular, flattened, 2-4-cleft. Corolla-tube 
included within the calyx; upper lip of the corolla very long, 
linear, arched, and enclosing the stamens, 2 of which are long 
and 2 short. Ovary many-ovuled. 
1. C. coccinea, Sprengel. ScartetT PAINTED Cup, PAINT-BRUSH, 
InpIAn Pink, PRAIRIE Fire, WIcKAKEE. A hairy, simple-stemmed 
herb. Annual or biennial. Root-leaves clustered obovate or oblong. 
Stem-leaves cut ; floral leaves 3-5 cleft and bright scarlet (occasion- 
ally yellow) toward the tips, as though dipped in a scarlet dye. Calyx 
nearly as long as the pale yellow corolla, 2-cleft. The spikes are 
often very broad, making this one of the most conspicuous of our 
native flowers. Damp, sandy ground, or on bluffs near streams ; 
sometimes in marshes. 
