DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 215 
widely branched, 2-4 ft. long. Leaves 6-8 in a whorl, oblanceolate, 
prickly-hairy on the margins and midrib. Peduncles axillary, 
longer than the leaves, 1—-3-flowered; flowers white. Fruiting pedi- 
cels erect; fruit dry, covered with hooked bristles. In waste 
places.* 
2. G. circezans, Michx. Wuitp Licorice. Perennial; stems 
several, erect, smooth or downy, 12-18 in. high. Leaves 4 in a 
whorl, oval to ovate, obtuse at the apex, strongly 3-nerved, downy. 
Cymes long-peduncled, repeatedly branched. Flowers nearly sessile, 
greenish-purple; pedicels at length recurved. Fruit with hooked 
bristles. In dry, open woods 8. Easily recognized by the sweet, 
licorice-like taste of the leaves.* 
3. G. hispidulum, Michx. Brpstrraw. Perennial, from yellow 
roots; stems diffusely branched, smooth or slightly roughened, 
downy at the joints, erect or decumbent, 1-2 ft. long. Leaves 4 in 
a whorl, narrowly oval, acute, rough on the margins and mid-vein. 
Peduncles 1-3-flowered; flowers white. Pedicels becoming reflexed ; 
fruit a bluish-black, roughened berry. On dry, sandy soil.* 
4. G. triflorum, Michx. Perennial; stems reclining or prostrate, 
angles rough-bristly. Leaves mostly in sixes, lance-oblong, mucro- 
nate. Flowers usually in threes, on slender peduncles. Woodlands, 
especially N. 
96. CAPRIFOLIACEZH. Honeysuckie FAmILy. 
Mostly shrubs. Leaves opposite, without true stipules. 
Flowers often irregular. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary. 
Corolla tubular or wheel-shaped. Stamens usually as many 
as the corolla-lobes and inserted on the corolla-tube. Fruit a 
berry, stone-fruit, or capsule. 
I. SAMBUCUS, Tourn. 
Shrubs with odd-pinnate leaves. Calyx-limb minute or 
wanting. Flowers very many, small, white, in compound 
eymes. Corolla with a small, somewhat urn-shaped tube and 
a flattish, spreading, 5-cleft limb. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3, 
sessile. Fruit a globular, pulpy stone-fruit, 3-seeded, appear- 
ing like a berry. 
1. S. canadensis, L. Common Exper. Stems 5-10 ft. high, 
with a thin cylinder of wood surrounding abundant white pith. 
