220 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
' 1. D. trifida, Moench. Common Busn Honeysuckir. Bushy, 
1-4 ft. high. Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, petioled. Peduncles 
1-3-flowered. Pods tapering to a slender point. Rocks, espe- 
cially N. ; 
‘2. D. japonica, Thunb. Wercera. A stout, branching shrub, 
3-6 ft. high. Leaves broadly oval, acute at the apex, rounded at 
the base, coarsely serrate, rough above, downy beneath, short-peti- 
oled. Flowers spreading, funnel-form, rose-color, 1-1} in. long. 
Calyx-lobes deciduous. Corolla downy without, the lobes spreading. 
Capsule oblong or spindle-shaped. Seeds with netted wings. Intro- 
duced from Japan ; common in cultivation.* 
97. VALERIANACEZ. VALERIAN FAMILY. 
Herbs, rarely shrubs. Leaves opposite, without stipules. 
Flowers small, usually irregular, in forking cymes. Calyx- 
tube adnate to the ovary. Corolla funnel-shaped, the base 
often with a sac or spur. Stamens 1-3 or 5, inserted at the 
base of the corolla-tube; filaments slender, anthers versatile. 
Ovary cells 3, two of them not ovule-bearing, the third with a 
single ovule hanging from the top; style thread-lhke, stigma 
blunt or 2-3-lobed. Fruit small, not splitting open. 
I. VALERIANA, L. 
Perennial, rarely annual, herbs. Root-leaves crowded; 
stem-leaves opposite or whorled, entire or pinnately cut. 
Flowers in corymbed, headed, or panicled cymes. Limb of 
the calyx consisting of several plumy bristles. Lobes of 
the corolla 5 or rarely 3-4, unequal. Stamens 3. Stigma 
knobbed. Fruit flattened, ribbed, 1-celled, 1-seeded. 
1. V. edulis, Nutt. An upright, straight-stemmed plant, 1-4 ft. 
high. Leaves all thickish and closely fringed with short hairs; 
root-leaves linear-spatulate or lanceolate-spatulate, entire; stem-leaves 
pinnately parted, the 3-7 divisions long and narrow. Flowers almost 
dicecious, in a long, interrupted panicle. Corolla whitish. Root long 
and stout, eaten by Indians. Low ground and wet prairies, especially 
NAW. 
2. V. officinalis, L. GARDEN VALERIAN. Plant smooth or hairy 
below, strong-smelling. Rootstock short. Leaves all pinnate ; root- 
