DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 223 
99. CAMPANULACEZ. CAMPANULA FAMILY. 
Herbs, with milky juice. Leaves alternate, without stipules. 
Flowers regular, not clustered. Calyx 5-lobed, adnate to the 
ovary. Corolla regular, bell-shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, 
usually free from the corolla and not coherent. Style 1, 
usually hairy above; stigmas 2 or more. Fruit a capsule, 
2 or more celled, many-seeded. 
I. . CAMPANULA, Tourn. 
Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs. Flowers solitary, 
racemed or spiked, regular, blue or white. Calyx 5-lobed 
or parted. Corolla wheel-shaped to bell-shaped, 5-lobed. 
Stamens 5, free from the corolla, distinct, filaments dilated 
at the base. Ovary 3—5-celled, many-ovuled; style 3-parted. 
Capsule short, bearing the persistent calyx-lobes at its apex, 
many-seeded, splitting open on the sides.* 
1. C. rotundifolia, L. Harespetr. A slender, smooth, branching 
perennial, 5-12 in. high. Root-leaves broadly ovate-heart-shaped, 
generally somewhat crenate, soon withering. Stem-leaves varying 
from linear to narrowly lanceolate, entire. Pedicels slender, flowers 
solitary or somewhat racemed, the buds erect but the fully opened 
flower drooping. Calyx-teeth erect, awl-shaped. Corolla bell-shaped, 
3-1 in. long, its lobes short and recurved. Rocky hillsides, espe- 
cially N. 
2. C. aparinoides, Pursh. Marsn BELi-FLoweR. Stem angular, 
unbranched, slender, weak and leaning on the grass among which it 
usually grows, the angles clothed with minute, backward-pointing 
prickles. Leaves lance-linear, nearly entire. Flowers terminal, 
about 4 in. long, white. Corolla bell-shaped. Wet meadows, in tall 
grass. 
II. SPECULARIA, Heister. 
Annual; stems slender, angled. Leaves entire or toothed. 
Flowers axillary, regular, solitary or in small clusters, sessile, 
bracted. Calyx-tube slender, 3—5-parted. Corolla wheel- 
shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens with the filaments flattened and 
shorter than the anthers. Ovary 3-celled, many-ovuled; 
stigmas 3. Fruit a prismatic, 3-celled, many-seeded capsule.* 
