234 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
II. LIGULIFLORZ. 
XII. KRIGIA, Schreber. 
Small, annual or perennial herb. Leaves mostly radical, 
toothed or lyrate. Heads several-many-flowered; scales: of 
the involucre about 2-rowed, thin. Akenes short, truncate. 
Pappus in 2 rows, the outer one of thin, blunt, chaffy scales, 
the inner one of slender bristles. Corollas yellow. 
1. K. virginica, Willd. Annual; scapes usually 2-5 from one 
root, slender. Leaves mostly lyrate, smooth and with a bloom, the 
earlier ones rounded or spatulate. Scales of the involucre linear- 
lanceolate, nearly equal, spreading. Akenes top-shaped, reddish- 
brown, crowned with 5 wedge-obovate scales and 5 rough white 
bristles. . 
2. K. Dandelion, Nutt. Perennial, from slender tuber-bearing 
roots. Scapes leafless, 6-18 in. high. Leaves entire or nearly so, 
varying from spatulate-oblong to linear-lanceolate. Akenes more 
slender than in No. 1. Pappus consisting of 10-15 small, oblong, 
chaffy scales and 15-20 bristles. In moist ground, especially S. 
3. K. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Stem 12-18 in. high, often 2-3 from 
the same root, mostly 2-forked or 3-forked at the summit. Root- 
leaves 3-6 in. long, lanceolate, entire, toothed or rarely pinnately 
cut, clasping at the base; stem-leaves 1-3. Akenes and pappus 
about as in No. 2. Moist banks. 
XIII. CICHORIUM, L. 
Perennial herbs with spreading branches; juice milky. 
Leaves radical and alternate, toothed or pinnately cut. Heads 
axillary; involucre cylindrical, bracts in 2 rows, the inner 
row erect, coherent at the base, the outer shorter; receptacle 
flattish. Corollas blue, pale pink, or yellow. Upper part of 
the style and its slender arms hairy. Akenes crowded on the 
hardened receptacle, firmly covered by the stiff involucre, 
obovoid or top-shaped, not beaked. Pappus 1 or 2 rows of 
short scales. 
1. C. Intybus, L. Curicory, BLurE DANDELION, BLUE SAILORS. 
Root very long, stout, and fleshy. Stem 1-3 ft. high, angled and 
grooved ; branches straight and stiff. Root-leaves and lower stem- 
leaves runcinate ; upper stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, clasping, ~ 
