122 LIVING PLANTS 



here the exact results attained b\^ each one, 

 except to note that the first investigation of 

 the subject was made by de Saussure in 1804, 

 and from his experiments upon leafy shoots 

 of woody plants he was led to assert that 

 leaves may not carry out full development, 

 or maintain normal existence when the food- 

 forming processes were inhibited. Subse- 

 quently in dealing w4th various phases of the 

 question Boehm, Kraus, Rauwenhoff, Stebler 

 and Vochting arrived at results in harmony 

 with those of de Saussure. On the other 

 hand Batalin, Vines, and Jost have reached 

 results quite to the contrary. Corenwinder 

 made two series of experiments, one series re- 

 sulting positively, the other negatively. 



The experiments which would be of value 

 in the decision of this question consist in al- 

 lowing 3'oung leaves of many species of plants 

 to develop under such conditions that no food 

 can be formed. 

 To place leaves under such conditions that 

 Methods of ^^^ chlorophyll-bearing cells may not carry on 



experimenta- the formation of food, and that all growth 

 tion must be carried on b}^ means of food brought 



from a distant portion of the plant, several 

 methods may be used, viz.: the leaf may be 

 enclosed in a dark chamber consisting of a 

 small box which will exclude all rays of light 

 from the leaf, without which the chlorophyll 



