28 HYGROMIA HISPIDA. 
It is also, according to Searles Wood, the Helix conoidea of Sowerby (Mag. Nat. 
Hist., vii., p. 429, pl. 2, ff. 4, 5) from the fossiliferous beds of Clacton, Mr. Wood 
remarking that in marshy places H. hispida assumes an elevated form. 
BRITISH ISLES. 
This variety is known from the Channel Isles (according to Messrs. Tomlin and 
Marquand it is the prevailing form in the Isle of Alderney), Isle of Wight, Sussex, 
Norfolk, Derby, Nottingham, Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Durham. The sub-var. 
conica was found at Cane Hill, Surrey, by Mr. J. E. Cooper, and is recorded by 
Dr. Jeffreys from roots of Rosa spinosissima on sandhills near Swansea, Wales. 
In Ireland, Mr. L. E. Adams reports it as common about Coleraine, Londonderry. 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Germany—The sub-var. conica Clessin is reported from Westphalia by Mr. Gude ; 
the sub-var. septentrionalis is known from Pyrmont, Corbach, Cologne, Breidenstein 
and Sternberg near Lemgo, Lippe Detmold. 
Belgium—The var. conoidea in ditch, Sluys-Kill, Brabant. 
France—The var. g/obulosa inhabits the lowland fields and roadsides in Savoy, 
and does not ascend beyond 1,350 feet ; the sub-var. conica Baud. is very rare, and 
recorded from the Prairie d’Houdainville, Oise, by M. Bandon; the sub-var. falsani 
is found in the quaternary deposits about Lyons; the sub-var. perforata is said by 
Capt. Wattebled to occur at Auxonne, Cote d’Or, and to be common on the banks of 
river Loue in the departments of Jura and Doubs; and the sub-var. swbconica rare 
about Auxonne and the wood at Flagey, Céte d’Or. 
Norway —Miss Esmark records it from Bygdé near Christiania ; and from Eker, 
Sandefjord, and Manger in the Bergen district. 
Sweden—Recorded from Stockholm, Upsala, and Drottningholm ; the sub-var. 
septentrionalis from Balteberga, Kinnekulle, and Skane ; and sub-var. liberta from 
Lund in Skane. 
Denmark—Found throughout the country, according to Dr. Westerlund; and 
the sub-var. septentrionalis from Fredriksdal, and at Aarhus in Jutland. 
Siberia —Middendorff’s Siberian specimens are regarded by Clessin as belonging 
to the var. septentrionalis. 
Var. pratensis Baudon, Cat. Moll. Oise, 1862, p. 23. 
Helix hispida var. subangulosa Sandberger, Vorwelt, 1875, p. 810. 
Helix hispida var. milleti Germain, Moll. Angers, 1903, p. 109. 
Slightly keeled at the periphery. 
The sub-var. subangulosa Sandberger, which was not described, may probably 
be properly placed here. 
The sub-var. milleti is thin, of a clear fawn or reddish colour, with a slight 
peripheral keel, most perceptible when young, with short stiff blackish hairs; peris- 
tome thickened. Diam., 5-10 mill. ; alt., 3-5 mill. 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Germany—Dr. Sandberger alludes to a sub-variety swbangu/osa fossilized in the 
Lower Pleistocene sands of Mosbach, Durlach, and Bruchsal, Baden. 
France—Var. pratensis in fields, especially at the foot of poplars, near Mouy, 
Oise (Baudon, l.c.). The sub-var. milleti is gregarious about Angers, Maine-et-Loire, 
on plants by the water, or amongst decayed leaves beneath trees. 
2 VARIATIONS IN SIZE OF SHELL. 
Var. major Sandberger. 
Helix hispida var. mayor Sandberger, Vorwelt, 1873, pl. 36, f. 8 a, b, e. 
The var. major is named and is 
figured without precise details and 
Without description ; the figure shows 
a shell over 10 mill. in diameter; the 
line indicating size is certainly quite 
incorrect. Fic. 38.—H. hispida var. mayor Sandberger (after 
Sandberger). 
BRITISH ISEES. 
In England, Mr. L. E. Adams found specimens at Maidenhead, Berks., about 
11 mill. diam. 
