60 HELICODONTA OBVOLUTA. 
deposits of Roquebrune, and from the bone breccia of Menton. M. Laville records it 
from the gravels of Joinville-le-Pont, Seine. H. Cardot from the Ardennes at 
Montey-Notre-Dame ; from the section exposed in the railway cutting at Hirson 
near Wasigny Station, and in a caleareous tufa deposit on the outskirts of the wood 
of Neudan. Dr. Germain records it from the tufa of Baume d’Hostun, and Buisse, 
Istre; of Presle, Aisne; and of St. Pierre-les-Elbceuf, Seine Inférieure; from the 
loess about Lyons, St. Fons, and Irigny, as well as from the marls of Gerland, Rhone. 
In Belgium, it is recorded by Locard from the Upper Pleistocene of Hainault. 
In Switzerland, it is reported by Dr. Sterki from Caverne near Thagugen, 
Canton Schaffhausen. 
In Italy, it is present in the glacial clays of Piedmont, according to Pollonera ; 
in the “terra rossa’”’ of Monte Pisano, according to Locard ; Dr. Pantanelli records 
it from the post-Pliocene travertin of Siena, Tuscany ; and Signor Valentini from 
the similar deposit at Aseoli-Piceno, Marches. 
LOWER PLEISTOCENE.—In Germany, Prof. Sandberger has recorded it as small 
and very rare in the sands of Mosbach, Baden. 
Mip. PLEISTOCENE.—In Germany, Sandberger quotes it from calcareous tufa 
at Cannstadt, Wurtemburg, Burgtonna, and Weimar, Thuringia. 
In France, Loeard records it from the tufa of Celle-sous-Moret, Seine-et-Marne. 
Upper PLEISTOCENE.—In Germany, Sandberger states its occurrence in the 
tufa at Weimar, Burgtonna, and Muhlhausen, Thuringia, and Canth in Silesia. 
HoLoceNngE.—In England, Rev. W. A. Shaw found specimens thrown up by the 
moles from a Holocene deposit two to three feet below the surface on the open treeless 
down, the nearest trees being the ancient Yews at Kingley Vale near Chichester. 
In Germany, Prof. Cockerell reports specimens in the museum of Basel from 
glacial diluvium of Roman age at Kiffis, Lower Alsace. 
In Belgium, Gregoire cites it from the “‘tourbe” of Uccle-lez-Bruxelles, Brabant. 
In France, M. Dollfus records it as common in a deposit of Roman age exposed 
during an excavation at Lyons-la-Forét, Eure. The species does not now inhabit 
the neighbourhood. 
In Sweden, Dr. Westerlund records it from a submarine peat-bed at Ystad, 
Malmohus ; and Odhner from calcareous tufa at Skultorp, Westergétland. 
In Denmark, Dr. Johannsen records it from the freshwater limestone at Free 
Harbour, Copenhagen; Steenberg from deposits at Korsér, Zealand; and Nordmann 
from those at Stovaflejringer near Oxnebjerg, Isle of Funen. 
Variation.—In the gloomy mountain forests of Switzerland it has been 
observed by Dr. Hartmann that the shell becomes paler, thinner, and more 
transparent. 
The H. obvoluta var. bosniaca Boettger and A. obvoluta var. edentula 
Westl. seem equally referable to the typical form as understood on the 
continent and as figured herein after Prof. Sandberger. 
The British specimens incline more or less distinctly to the toothed form, 
var. dentatu, but this peculiarity is not often strongly developed. 
Var. albina ‘l'aylor, var. nov. 
SHELL white. 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Germany —Recorded as numerous at Polesina, Franconia, by Clessin, who also 
records colonies all albine found on heaps of loose stones in the ‘ Muschelkalk’ region 
near Ochsenfurt, Bavaria; and Gysser records it from Carlsruhe, Baden. 
Belgium—One specimen found in June 1872 at Hastiére, Namur, by M. van den 
Broeck apparently links the present form with the var. pallida, the shell being 
quite transparent, the peristome of brilliant porcelain-white, and the hairs quite 
colourless. The mollusk was not albine, but very pale. 
France —Recorded from Alsace by Prof. von Martens on the authority of Dr. 
Muhlenbeck. 
