THEBA CARTUSIANA. 105 
a study of Michaud’s description and his reference to the figure of Draparnaud as 
representing his species. 
It is, according to Dr. Gassies, the Helix incolata of Parreyss, which has been 
regarded as identical with H. onychina Rossm., but he confuses this form with 
var. rufilabris. 
Inhabits dry places in the maritime districts, frequenting the thistles and 
Erynguims growing there. 
Sussex E.—Lewes, Oct. 1899 ! T. S. Hillman. 
Kent E.—Chalk hills, Folkestone, Nov. 1899 ! Mrs. Fitzgerald. Dover, Sept. 
1913! W. E. Brady. Patrixbourne, a colony exclusively of this variety, averaging 
74 mill. in diameter, Lionel E. Adams. 
ENGLAND. 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
France—Alpes Maritimes, Aisne, Basses Alpes, Gard, Gironde, Herault, 
Morbihan, Seine-et-Oise, and Vendée. Mornex, Upper Savoy ! and Aix-les-Bains, 
Savoy ! Rev. S. Spencer Pearce. Sub-var. minor of Caziot is recorded by Caziot 
from the left banks of the Var, Alpes Maritimes. 
Sub-var. minima Caziot, Alpes Maritimes. 
Sub-var. stagnina is common amongst the pines at the chateau of Palarea near 
Nice and in other localities in the Alpes Maritimes. 
Sub-var. leptomphala is common in meadows on the banks of the river Var ; 
also in pine woods at an altitude of near 2,000 feet on Mont Chauvé and other 
localities in the Alpes Maritimes. It is recorded by Dr. Westerlund from Toulouse, 
Haute Garonne, and Nantes, Loire Inferiéure. 
Sub-var. innoxvia-minor is found at St. Vallier, and in the alluvium of the river 
Loup, Alpes Maritimes. 
Sub-var. damalouensis, Lamalou-lés-Bains, Hérault (Reynes, l.c.). 
Sub-v. sarriensis-minor, alluvium of river Siagne, Alpes Maritimes (Caziot, |.c.). 
Sub-var. ventienis is recorded from Nice and other places in the Alpes Maritimes 
by Comm. Caziot. 
Austro-Hungary—Buda-Pesth, Hungary ! R. D. Darbishire. Helix incolata 
Parreyss, Transylvania. 
Italy—Many localities in Emilia, Lombardy, and Venetia. A specimen, 6 mill. 
diameter, from roadside, near railway station, Erba, near Como, Lombardy, Rev. 
S. Spencer Pearce. Sub-var. minor Pirona, Tagliamento, ete., Venetia. 
Sub-var. minima Strobel is recorded from several localities in Emilia by Strobel. 
Sub-var. arvensis is recorded from Lombardy at Belgiojosa near Pavia by Pini ; 
and reported from Como by Marquis Monterosato. From Piedmont Prof. Pollonera 
records it from near Turin, and the subsidiary form tawrinensis from same province. 
Asia Minor—Smyrna, specimens 74 mill. diam. collected by Fritsch in 1874. 
: VARIATIONS [IN COLOUR OF SHELL. 
Var. lactescens Picard. 
Helix carthusianella var. 6 lactescens Picard, Moll. Somme, 1840, p. 223. 
Helix carthusiana var. alba Jenner, Journ. of Conch., 1891, vi., p. 363. 
Helix carthustana var. casta Monterosato mss. 
The var. laeteseens Picard, is described as SHELL milk-white and trans- 
parent, aperture of same colour, with a whiter rib. The sub-var. Jactescens of 
Moquin-Tandon is of a transparent milky-white, without band. 
The sub-var. alba is described as “‘pure milk-white, mouth and rib white.” 
The sub-var. easta conforms exactly to the description of Picard. 
ENGLAND. 
Sussex E.—Sub-var. a/ba, this beautiful variety was discovered at Ranscombe 
Brow, near Lewes, in 1889, by Mr. T. S. Hillman, and Mr. J. H. A. Jenner after- 
wards found specimens in 1890 in a neighbouring locality. 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Germany— Mentioned by Clessin as occurring, but without citing precise locality. 
France—Var. lactescens described by Picard from specimens found in the depart- 
ment of the Somme; recorded by Pascal from St. Denis, department of the Seine; 
by Loecard from Lyons in the department of the Rhéne, and at Miribel and Belley, 
department of the Ain; and by Dubrueil from Heérault. 
