6 MONOGRAPH OF BRITISH LAND AND FRESHWATER MOLLUSCA. 
Testacella haliotidea Draparnaud. 
ISOL Testacella haliotidea Drap., Tabl. Moll., pp. 83, 99; Hist. Moll., 1805, p. 121, 
122; pl8, it 43-40; pl. 9; t. 123713; Jetir., Brit. Conch., 1862, 
p. 145, pl. d, f. 6; Reeve, Brit. Moll., 1863, p. 30; Moquin- 
Tandon, Noll. "France, 1855. p:39; pl. Sted: 
1805. — europea Roissy, Buff. de Sonn., v. 2 pl: 03, f. 8, ae 252. 
1815 — gallie Oken, Lehrb. Nat., iii., p. 212, pl. 9, f. 
IssSs — dubia Pollonera, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. i pl. 2, ff 4-6. 
Isss — barcinonensis Poll., Boll. Zool. Anat. Comp, Apl. 14, p. 4, pl. 2, ff 13-16. 
1802 Testucellus haliotideus Faure-Biguet, Bull. Soe. Phil., p. 98, pl. 5, f. 2 A-p. 
1806 Helia subterranea Lafon-du-Cujula, Desc. Lot-et-Garonne, p. 148. 
HISTORY.— The 7Jestucellu haliotidea 
(Haliotis, a genus of marine shells, (ea 
form) is recorded as having been first 
found by M. Dugué at Dieppe in 1740, 
but it did not receive a specific name 
until Draparnaud in his “Tableau” be- 
stowed upon it the name of huliotidea. 
In the British Isles it is recorded as 
first noticed in 1801 by Dr. Lukis in 
his garden in Guernsey. 
T. haliotidea is 1 many respects the . 
most highly organized of the genus, and 
is probably the latest evolved species, 
this being also indicated by its more 
LPR Draparnaud. eastern distribution and the tendency 
towards a less advanced development 
of its peculiarities in the more remote localities. 
Diagnosis.—Exrernatty, the characteristic features of 7. haliotideu 
are the somewhat contiguous ‘but distinctly-separated origin of the lateral 
grooves. at the peripallial furrow, and the whitish colour of the animal ; the 
shell differs from that of maugei in being smaller, but wider im proportion 
and in the columella being very broad at the posterior end; from scutulum it 
differs in its more convex and solid shell, and shghtly convex columella. 
INTERNALLY, it is sharply separated from both its allies by the develop- 
ment of a distinct epiphallus and flagellum to the penis sheath. 
Description.—ANIMAL capable of great elongation, sometimes reaching to 120 
mill., but ellipsoidal or lenticular when contracted, the narrow cream-coloured FOOT- 
FRINGE forming a sharp but wavy submedian edge ; the BODY is usually of a greyish- 
white or dull cream colour, but occasionally yellow ish or brownish with a ereenish 
tinge, sprinkled with pale brown specks ; MID-DORSAL LINES distinet and enclosing 
a somewhat perceptible double row of elongate tubercles ; LATERAL GROOVES w ell- 
marked, about two mill. apart at their origin at the peripallial furrow, the sub- 
sidiary anteriorly directed supra-lateral furrows ramify and intersect dorsally with 
abont nine faint and shallow longitudinal grooves ; below the lateral grooves, the 
sub-lateral furrows give rise to a more pronounced granulation. SOLE whitish, 
tinged with yellow, convex and transversely furrowed when contracted. Mucus 
clear, with a tinge of pale yellow after scalding. 
SHELL convexly auriform, thick and solid, with a dull brown periostracum, which 
is usually totally abraded from the more exposed parts ; NUCLEUS inelined at about 
45 deg. to the vertical line ; COLUMELLA white and glossy, broad posteriorly and 
slightly convex, regularly arched but not continued to the anterior end of shell or 
distinetly truncate; OUTER LIP only slightly shouldered. Length, 8 mill. ; breadth, 
53 mill. ; alt. 2 mill. 
