60 LIMAX CINEREO-NIGER. 
Var. renardii Kalenicz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mose., 1851, p. 120, pl. iv., f. 2. 
Limax antiquorum Renardii Kal., op. cit. 
Limax subalpinus Lessona, Moll. Piemonte, 1880, p. 18, pl. 2, ff. 1-6. 
Limax subalpinus Y simplex Lessona & Pollonera, Monog. Limac. Ital., 1882, p. 36. 
Limax subalpinus a garocelus Lessona & Pollonera, op. cit. 
Limax subalpinus § veronensis Less. & Poll., op. cit. 
Limax maximus var. tschapecki Simroth, Nacht. Mal. Ges., 1886, p. 69. 
KEEL and mid-dorsal zone whitish, body with three dark zones on each side. 
Formula 321 123. The L. subalpinus Lessona and subsidiary forms differ chiefly in 
the retention by adults of the maculate mantle of the juvenile stage. 
The var. renardii sensu stricto, has the sides of the body ashy-black, the inner 
and main bands black and continuous, outer band represented by a series of black 
spots; a white zone between the inner and main bands ; shield ash-coloured. 
The sub-var. tsehapeeki is somewhat variable, but has the white keel extend- 
ing quite up to the shield; sides of body whitish with continuous main-band and 
indefinite inner and outer bands; shield speckled black and white. 
The sub-var. subalpina has the whitish keel continued to the shield as a series 
of dorsal spots; sides of the body whitish, with three brownish-grey zones on each 
side which blend together and leave two rows of whitish spots between them. 
The sub-var. simplex is similar, but the back is unicolorous. 
The sub-var. garocela has the keel and dorsal-zone maculate with black, sides 
of the body whitish, maculate with black. 
The sub-var. veronensis has the sides of the body and shield of an olivaceous 
ash-colour, the shield and body maculate or longitudinally banded with fuscous. 
Not hitherto found in the British Isles. 
Italy—The var. subalpine has been found in various localities in Piedmont, attain- 
ing its greatest altitude at Usseglio, Valle di Lanzo, 1,252 metres (about 4,100 feet) ; 
it has also been found at Rivarossa, Rivoli, Avigliana, Sacra di 8S. Michele, Hill 
of S. Giovanni, and the Hills of Turin. The sub-var. simplex is found at Rivoli and 
Avigliana. The sub-var. garocela on the Hill of 8. Giovanni in the Valle di Vit, and 
has been doubtfully recorded by De Betta from Venetia. The sub-var. veronensis is 
recorded for Verona in Venetia by De Betta (Lessona & Pollonera, op. cit.). 
Austro-Hungary—The sub-y. tschapechi, Styria and Carniola (Clessin, Moll. , 1887). 
Russia—The var. renardii was found in moist places and shady woods, near 
Sumy, Kharkov, in Aug. 1831 (Kaleniezenko, op. cit.). 
Var. ornata Lessona, Moll. Piemonte, 1880, p. 21. 
Limax cinereo-niger € ornatus Lessona, op. Cit. 
KEEL and dorsal zone white, a series of white maculations on each side of the 
body, which is black. Formula (32)1 1(23). 
Sussex W.—Up Park, Aug. 1888! with type, W. Jeffery. 
Italy—In Piedmont, at Alagna, Val Sesia, and at Maccugnaga in Val Anzasca, 
at an altitude of 1,323 metres (about 4,340 feet) (Less. & Poll., op. cit., p. 30). 
Var. cinereo-nigra Wolf sensu stricto. 
Limax antiquorum razoumowskii Kaleniczenko, Bull. Mosc., 1851, p. 120. 
Limax lineatus Dum. & Mort., Hist. Moll. Sav., 1852, p. 12. 
Limax maximus y luctuosus Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Moll. France, 1855, 1i., p. 29. 
Limax nubigenus Bourg., Spic. Mal., 1863, p. 20. 
Limax dacampi var. amalie Bettoni, Bull. Mal. Ital., 1870, iii, p. 166, pl. 3, ff. 2, 2a. 
Limax cinereo-niger Y camerani Less. & Poll., Mon. Lim. Ital., 1882, p. 29. 
Limax cinereus 3 intermedia Breviere, J. de Conch., 1881, p. 314. 
Limax hedleyi Collinge, J. of Mal., 1894, p. 51. 
KEEL and mid-line white; SHIELD and sides of body black. Formula (821) (125). 
The Arion lineatus of Dumont, the Limax dacampi var. amalie of Bettoni, 
Limax antiquorum a of Ferussac, Limax maximus p cinereo-niger of Moquin-Tandon, 
Limax bilobatus of Ray & Drouet, and Limax claravallensis of Drouet appear to be 
strictly synonymous with the type-form of einereo-niger. 
The sub-var. nubigena has the white keel line extending only one-third the 
length of the body, the neck of yellowish-ash colour, and is a dwarfed or stunted form. 
The sub-vars. pazoumowskii and luetuosa only differ from typical einereo- 
niger in the keel and dorsal-line being sullied by a yellowish shade, and by only 
extending to half the length of the body in /uectuosa. 
The sub-var. intermedia has the keel and mid-line whitish, and shield and 
sides of the body deep grey or brown. 
The sub-var. eamerani only differs from the sub-var. intermedia in the fuscous- 
chestnut colour of the shield and body. 
