GENUS MILAX. 1ka}¢/ 
which is in advance; the REPRODUCTIVE ORIFICE is situate mid-way 
between the base of the right ommatophore and the respiratory orifice. 
The ORGAN OF SEMPER is externally perceptible as crenulations or pucker- 
ings of the upper lip, which presents a row of eight or more rounded 
papillee. 
INTERNALLY, the viscera show a strong spiral twist! in a sinistral direc- 
tion, the amount of torsion corresponding somewhat to that of a dextrally 
coiled Buliminus. 'The REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS do not loop the retractor of 
the right tentacle, and possess a very remarkable series of accessory glands 
adherent to the base of the oviduct and atrium, into which they debouch 
by numerous slender ducts; there is no flagellum, but a well-marked epi- 
phallus, within which a spermatophore is developed, and which is basally 
separated from the penis by a well-marked sphincter muscle. The PENIS- 
RETRACTOR arises from the dorsal skin on the right-side, just below the root 
of the cephalic retractor, and is attached to the epiphallus. The sarco- 
BELUM, or excitatory organ, though present in our British species, is not 
an invariable character in all the species of the genus; the Milar 
carinatus of southern Europe, which in other respects is so closely related 
to our Milax sowerbii, is said by Lessona & Pollonera to be destitute of 
an excitatory organ, though Dr. Simroth found it present in a Florentine 
specimen forwarded by Signor Lessona. ‘The KIDNEY is somewhat oval in 
shape, and differs from that of Zimaz in having a linguiform prolongation, 
doubled back under the organ and protruding behind on the right side. 
The SUPRA-PEDAL GLAND lies free in the body cavity, and is only about 
one-third the total length of the body. 
The CEPHALIC RETRACTORS comprise the pharyngeal and tentacular 
muscles, which are usually separate nearly or quite to their roots, though 
their points of origin are always closely contiguous; they arise from the 
dorsum, beneath the floor of the shell sac, to which they are firmly 
attached, exactly at or near to the point where the shell is adherent by 
its apex to the floor of the pouch. 
The FooT-soLE is distinctly longitudinally tri- 
partite, the broad mid-area being bounded by a ae ayaa 
well-marked groove at each side, and the wrinklings po eee 
formed during the contraction of the sole, unlike —\ 
those of the true Limaces and A griolimaces, which Va 
are simply transverse, show in Milaxr a striking ay aes 
chevron-like character in the median-line, an V 
arrangement said to tally accurately with the dis- Fic. 154.—Diagram of the 
position of the lateral branches of the sympathetic Re GoN oh hae wancrens 
mesh of the pedal nerves. wrinklings of the median-area. 
The law of colouring is similar to that pertaining to A. agrestis; the 
animals darken with age, the darker mantle-markings being assumed to be 
ancestral traits not yet obliterated, and formed by the approximation and 
fusion of the isolated spots of young animals. ‘I'he primitive colouring of 
the species of this group is supposed to be simple, and just as A. agrestis 
shows unicolorous dark or slate-blue varieties on the Mediterranean 
shores, Milaxr has developed a preponderance of dark unicolored species 
or varieties in similar situations. 
In the eastern Mediterranean region, Mi/ux is separable into the species 
furnished with a prominent dorsal keel and those in which the keel is 
confined to the caudal end of the body ; the latter, which form the section 
1 Monog. i., p. 282, f. 562. 
29/5/04 I 
