180 ARION ATER. 
Var. hiberna Mabille, Rey. et Mag. Zool., 1868, p. 134. 
Arion hibernus Mabille, op. cit. 
Arion empiricorum var, violescens Collinge, mss. 
ANIMAL of a beautiful rusty purple, paler at the sides; in alcohol the brilliant 
and velvety aspect is lost and the animal becomes of a purply-black. 
Edinburgh—A deep purple variety, Braidburn near Edinburgh, July 1888! W. 
Eagle Clarke. 
Fife and Kinross—Vavr. violescens, St. Andrews, W. E. Collinge. 
Dublin—An uniformly claret-coloured variety, amongst the fallen pine needles, 
which they much resemble, in the pine-woods at Howth and Killakee, in the Dublin 
Mountains, Sept. 1890, R. F. Scharff. 
France—Found in winter only in the Forests of Mendon and Bondy in the 
Department of the Seine ; it has also been reported from the Aisne, Oise, Seine 
et Marne, and Seine et Oise. 
Var. rufa L., Syst. Nat., 1758, ed. x., vol. 1., p. 652. 
Limax rufus L., op. cit. 
Limax rufus B nigrescens Razoumowsky, Hist. Nat. Jorat, 1798, i., p. 268. 
Limax coccineus Gistel, Naturg. d. Thierreichs, 1848, p. 168. 
Arion empiricorum jonstonti Kalenicz., Mosc. Bull., 1851, p. 113. 
Arion empiricorum lamarckit Kalenicz., op. cit., p. 113. 
Arion rufus a vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Moll. France, 18593, i1., p. 10, pl. 1, f. 1. 
Arion rufus Y ruber Moquin-Tandon, op. cit., pl. 1, f. 21. 
Arion rufus € draparnaudi Moquin-Tandon, op. cit., pl. 1, f. 23. 
Avion servainiana Mabille, Ann. Malac., 1870, p. 109. 
Arion rufus 4° rufula Baudon, Mém. Limaciens de I'Oise, 1871, p. 4. 
ANIMAL red or reddish, usually of a ferrugineous tint, with generally a paler 
and brighter fringe. 
The sub-vars. jonstonii, vulgaris, and servainiana are described as rufous 
and are synonymous with the typical ru/fi. 
The sub-var. rufula is pale rufous, and is in part the var. padlescens Moq.-Tand. 
The sub-vars. eoecinea, lamarckii, and rubra have all been described as 
bright vermilion or deep red, and are adopted in that sense. 
The sub-var. dpaparnaudi is deep red with a yellow foot-fringe. 
The sub-var. nigrescens Kaz. is of deep red-brown, with red foot-fringe. 
This variety is the prevalent form in the dry and warm regions of Central Europe, 
where it frequently attains a great size and a brilliant colour, far surpassing the 
comparatively small and dull-coloured examples of our own country. The var. rufa 
usually oceupies the plains and the lower mountain slopes, seldom ascending above 
an altitude of 3,000 feet, while the black variety is most common in the outlying 
countries, and also ascends to much higher elevations on the mountains. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Channel Isles—Saint’s Bay, Guernsey (Tomlin & Marquand, J. of Conch., Jan, 
1903, p. 287). Fermain Bay, Guernsey, and on Sark, July 1886, B. Tomlin. 
Devon S.—Culverhole, Aug. 1892, L. E. Adams. 
Devon N.—Var. rufa-fasciata, Okehampton, Sept. 1904! Rev. W. W. Mason. 
Hants. S.—Frequent near Christchurch, 1886, C. Ashford. 
Hants. N.—Preston Candover, April 1884! Rev. H. P. Fitzgerald. 
Kent E.—Snb-var. rubra, Shepherdswell, Aug. 1896 ! L. E. Adams. 
Kent W.—St. Mary Cray, July 1883 (Cockerell, N.H. Notes, 1883, p. 124). 
Middlesex —Sub-var. draparnaudi, Highgate, June 1888! H. Wallis Kew. 
Suffolk E.—Needham Market (A. Maytield, J. of Conch., April 1903, p. 295). 
Blaxhall, July 1885! G. 'T. Rope. 
Norfolk E.—A sub-var. with scarlet foot-fringe common at Strumpshaw Hall, 
July 1904! W. J. O. Holmes. 
Norfolk W.—King’s Lynn, 1894, T. Petch. 
Hereford—Not infrequent (Boycott and Bowell, Moll. Hereford, 1899). 
Stafford—Cheadle (Masefield, Staff. List, 1902). Sub-var. draparnaudi, near 
Hartington, April 1890! L. E. Adams. 
Salop—Minsterley, May 1887! L. E. Adams. 
Glamorgan —Llandaff, July 1885! F. W. Wotton. 
Pembroke—Near Pembroke, June 1885 ! Mrs. Trayler. 
Carnarvon— Sub-var. rufula, Bettws-y-Coed, Aug. 1865, C. Ashford. 
Lincoln N.—Maltby Wood near Louth, Aug. 1888! H. Wallis Kew. 
Notts.-—Cleveland Hill, West Markham, April 1884! C. 'T. Musson. Stanton- 
on-the-Wolds, E. J. Lowe. Wood, Ossington (Gain, Brit. Nat., Nov. 1893, p. 224). 
Hunger Hill Gardens, Nottingham (Dodd, Notts. List, 1893, p. 71). 
