SYLVIID^ — THE SYLVIAS. 73 



The following synopsis will serve as diagnoses of the species : — 



Head with entire cap in adult plain olivaceous, with a concealed patch of crimson. 



Hah. Whole of North America; south to Gruatemala; Greenland . . calendula. 



Head with forehead and line over the eye white, bordered inside by black, and 

 within this again is yfellow, embracing an orange patch in the centre of the 

 crown. Hah. Whole of North America ....... satrapa. 



Head with forehead and line through the eye black, bordered inside by whitish, 

 and within this again by black, embracing an orange-red patch in the centre of 

 the crown. Hab. Banks of Schuylkill Eiver, Pennsylvania . . , cuvieri. 



Regulus satrapa, Light. 



GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGLET. 



Rcgulus satrapa, Licht. Verz. 1823, no. 410. — Dall & Bannister (Alaska). — Lord 

 (Vancouver Isl.). — Bairu, Birds IST. Am. 1859, 227 ; Review, 65. — Sclater, P. Z. S. 

 1857, 212 (Orizaba). — B.edeker, Cab. Jour. IV, 33, pi. i, fig. 8 (eggs, from Labrador). 

 — Pr. Max. Cab. Jour. 1858, 111. —Cooper & Suckley, P. R. R. R. XH, ii, 1859, 

 174 (winters in W. Territory). — Lord, R. Art. Inst. Wool. 1864, 114 (nest?). — 

 Dresser, Ibis, 1865, 476 (Texas, winter). — Samuels, 179. — Cooper, Birds Cal. \, 

 32. Sylvia regulus, WiLS. ; Eegulus cristatus, Vieill. ; R. tricolor, Nutt., Aud. 



Figures: Aud. Birds Am. \\, pi. cxxxii. — Ib. Orn. Biog. II, pi. clxxxiii. — Vieill. Ois. 

 Am. Sept. II, pi. cvi. 



Sp. Char. Above olive-green, brightest on the outer edges of the wing; tail-feathers 

 tinged with brownish-gray towards the head. Forehead, a line over the eye and a space 

 beneath it, white. Exterior of the crown before and laterally black, embracing a central 

 patch of orange-red, encircled by gamboge-yellow. A dusky space around the eye. 

 AVing-coverts with two yellowish-white bands, the posterior covering a similar band on 

 the quills, succeeded by a broad dusky one. Under parts dull whitish. Length under 

 4 inches; wing, 2.25; tail, 1.80. Female without the orange-red central patch. Young 

 birds without the colored crown. 



Hab. Nortli America generally. On the west coast, not recorded south of Fort Crook. 

 Orizaba, Sclater ; W. Arizona, Coues. 



Specimens of this bird from tlie far West 

 are much brighter and more olivaceous above ; 

 the markings of the face are also somewhat 

 different in showing less dusky about the eye. 

 These may form a ^'ariety olivaceus. 



The Rcgulus cristatus of Europe, a close ally 

 of our bird, is distinguislied by having shorter 

 winos and longer bill; the liame-color of tlie „ , 



~ ~ ' Regulus satrapa. 



head is more extended, the black l)order is 



almost wanting anteriorly. The back and rump, too, are more yellow. 



Habits. The Golden-crested Kinglet, or Wren, as it is often called, occurs 

 over nearly the whole of the North American continent. It is abundant 

 from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and throughout the British Provinces, where 

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