96 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



rounding the Volcano in the southern mines, and subsequently met with 

 them on the summit of the Tejon Pass. He thinks their notes and habits 

 very similar to those of the atricapillus. Dr. Suckley obtained a single 

 specimen at Fort Dalles, but regarded it as extremely rare in that locality. 



Dr. Woodhouse found it quite abundant 

 in the San Francisco Mountains of New 

 Mexico, where it was feeding among the 

 tall pines in company with kindred 

 species. 



Mr. Ridgway found this species in 

 great abundance among the jiines on 

 the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada 

 INIountains, as well as in all the exten- 

 sive cedar-groves on the mountains to 

 „ , the eastward. Around Carson City this 



Pants montanus. J 



species was found throughout the win- 

 ter. In its manners and notes, particularly the latter, it was hardly distin- 

 guishable from P. carolinensis. The notes are described as louder and more 

 distinct, though their calls in spring are rather less clearly articulated. 



Parus atricapillus, Linn. 



EASTERN CHICKADEE ; BLACK-CAPPED TITMOUSE. 



Parus atriccqnllus, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 341 (based on Parus atricajnllus canadeiisis, 

 Brisson, III, 553, tab. xxix, fig. 1). — Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 390 ; Review, 80. 

 — ScLATER, Catal. 1861, 13, no. 80. — Dall k Bannister (Alaska). — Samuels, 182. 

 Pcecile atricapilla, Bon. Consp. 1850, 230. Parus jialustr is, Nutt. Man. I, 1832, 79. 



Figured by Audubon, Wilson, etc. 



Sp. Char. Second quill as long as the secondaries. Tail very slightly rounded ; lateral 

 feathers about .10 shorter than middle. Back brow^nish-ashy. Top of head and throat 

 black, sides of head between them white. Beneath whitish; brownish-white on the sides. 

 Sides of outer tail-feathers, some of primaries, and secondaries conspicuously margined 

 with white. Length, 5.00 ; wing, 2.50; tail, 2.50. 



Hab. Eastern North America, north of 39th parallel. 



In this species the first quill is spurious ; the fourth quill is longest ; the 

 fifth and sixth successively a little shorter ; the third is about equal to, or a 

 little shorter than, the eighth ; the second is a very little longer than the 

 secondaries. The tail is a little rounded, the innermost feather longest, the 

 rest successively a little shorter. The greatest difference in length of tail- 

 feathers amounts to .30 of an inch. 



The entire crown, from the bill to the upper part of the back, coming 

 down on the sides to the lower level of the eye, is pure black, although the 

 edge alone of the lower eyelid is of this color. A second black patch begins 



