VIREONID^ — THE VIREOS. 379 



common notes of this Vireo very closely resemble those of the Western Wood 

 Wren {Troglodytes parkmanni). 



Lanivireo flavifrons, Baird. ' 



YELLOW-THROATED VIREO. 



Vireo flavifrons, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, 85, pi. liv. — Aud. Orn. Biog. II, 1834, 

 pi. cxix. — Ib. Birds. Am. IV, pi. ccxxxviii. — Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1851, 149. — 

 ScLATEE, P. Z. S. 1857, 227 (Vera Cruz) ; 1860, 257 (Orizaba). — Sclater & Salvin, 

 Ibis, I, 1859, 12 (Guatemala). — Cab. Jour. Ill, 468 (Cuba ; winter). — Gundlach, 

 Cab. Jour. 1861, 324 (Cuba ; rare). —Cab. Jour. 1860, 405 (Costa Rica). Vireo {Lani- 

 vireo) flav. Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 341. Vircosylvia {Lanivireo) flavifrons, Baird, 

 Rev. 346. Muscicapa sylvicola, Wils. Am. Orn. 11, 1810, 117, pi. vii, f. 3. 



Sp. Char. (No. 28,390.) Head and neck above and on sides, with interscapular region, 

 bright olive-green. Lower back, rump, tail, and Aving-coverts ashy. Wings brown, with 

 two white bands across the coverts, the 

 outer edges of inner secondaries, and inner 

 edges of all the quills, with inside of wing, 

 white. Outer primaries edged with gray, 

 the inner with olive. Tail-feathers brown, 

 entirely encircled by a narrow edge of white. 

 Under parts to middle of body, a line from 

 nostrils over eye, eyelids, and patch be- 

 neath the eye (bordered behind by the olive ' vireosyivia flavifrons. 

 of neck) bright gamboge-yellow; rest of 



under parts white, the flanks faintly glossed with ashy. Lores dusky. Bill and legs 

 plumbeous-black. 



No spurious primary evident : second quill longest ; first a little shorter than third. 



Length, 5.80 ; wing, 3.00 ; tail, 2.00 ; difference of longest and innermost quills, .90 ; 

 tarsus, .73. 



Hab. Eastern United States, south to Costa Rica. Veragua (Salvjn). Very rare in 

 Cuba. 



Autumnal birds, perhaps more especially the yoimg, are more glossed with 

 olivaceous, which invades the ashy portions, and tinges the white. ' 



Habits. All the older ornithological writers, in speaking of the Yellow- 

 throated Vireo, repeat each other in describing it as peculiarly attracted to 

 the forest, seeking its solitudes and gleaning its food chiefly among its top- 

 most branches. Such has not been my experience with this interesting and 

 attractive little songster. I have found no one of this genus, not even the 

 gilva, so common in the vicinity of dwellings, or more familiar and fearless 

 in its intercourse with man. All of its nests that I have ever met with ha^'e 

 been built in gardens and orchards, and in close proximity to dwellings, and 

 they have also been exclusively in comparatively low positions In one of 

 the most recent instances a pair of these birds built one of their beautiful 

 moss-covered nests in a low branch of an apple-tree that overhung the cro- 

 quet-ground, within a few rods of my house. It was first noticed in conse- 



