TANAGRIDvE — THE TANAGERS. 433 



2. P. erythromelaena. Wing with two bands of pure white. ^. 

 Bright scarlet ; wiugs, tail, and lores intense black. 9 • Olive-green 

 above, yellow beneath; Avings and tail slaty. 



Forehead, eyelids, and anterior half of cheeks velvety-black ; red 

 of a carmine shade. JIab. Middle America, north to Mirador. 



var. er yt h r o m elce n a } 

 Forehead, eyelids, and anterior half of cheeks scarlet (lores only 

 black) ; red of a scarlet shade. Hub. Northern South America. 



var. ar den s .^ 



Wings broionisJi-duski/ in the ^ ; bach streaked tvith hIacA: 



.3, P. bidentata.^ Wing with two bands of pinkish-white (^), or yel- 

 lowish-white (9)- (^. Above reddish-brown ; head and beneath min- 

 ium-scarlet. 9 • Above olive-green ; head and beneath yellow. JIab. 

 Middle America (both coasts) from Costa Rica to Middle Mexico. 

 b. Body always yellow ; head red in the ^. 



Lesser u-ing-coverts blach or dusky. 



4. P. ludoviciana. Wing with two light yellow bands. $. Back, 

 wings, and tail intense black ; head crimson. 9 • Above olive-green, 

 tinged with ashy on the back; beneath pale greenish-yellow; wings 

 and tail dusky olive-green ; no red on head. Hab. Western Province 

 of United States. 



Lesser iving-coveris and middle coverts yelloiu. 



5. P. rubriceps.'' Wing without light bands. ^. Back and rump 

 olive-green ; wings and tail black ; head crimson. Hab. New Granada. 



B. Wing and tail reddish or greenish, of the same general color of the upper 

 parts ; wing without any light bands. 



a. Wing, 3.00. Body always yellow ; head red in the ^. 



G. P. erythrocephala.^ Above olive-green, beneath yellow. (J. Head 

 red. Wing, 3.00 ; tail, 2.70. Hab. Mexico (Temiscaltipec). 



b. Wing 3.50 or more. Body and head red in ^. 



Commissure ivith a distinct tooth; bill bluish. 



7. P. hepatica. Bill small, not swollen laterally ; culmen gently curved 

 terminally, straight basally ; commissural tooth small. ^. Above red- 

 dish-ashy, becoming brighter reddish on the head above ; beneath 

 minium-scarlet medially, much tinged with ashy laterally. 9 • Ashy- 

 green and greenish-yellow, instead of reddish. Juv. ^, similar, but 

 throat tinged with orange-red. 



1 Pyrangn erythromelmna, Sclatef:, P. Z. S. Lond. 1856, 126. {Tanac/ra erythromelas, 

 Light. Preis.-Verz. d. Saiig. u. Vog. no. 69; 1831.) 



2 Pyranga arclens, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1856, 126. (Phcenisoma ardens, Tschudi. Wieg. Archiv, 

 1844, 207.) 



3 PyruiKja hidcntata, Swains. Philos. Mag. 1827, 428. 



* Pjiranga rub7'iceps, Gray, Gen. B. fol. p. 364, pi. Ixxxix, 1849. 



5 Pyrnnga crythrocephala, BoNAP. R. Z. 1851, 178. (Spcrinagra crythrocephaln, SwAixs. 

 Phil. Mag. 1827, 437. Were it not for the small size, one would, without seeing a specimen, be 

 inclined to suspect this as being a young male of P. oistiva, which often occurs in very similar 

 plumage. 



55 



