VERTIGO. 171 



umbilicus, with a longitudinal external rib on the 

 outer lip. 



77. 4. Vertigo alpestris. Alpine Whorl Shell. — 



Shell cylindrical, pale horn-colour, transparent, 



striolate, with five whorls a little rounded; 



aperture semicircular, outer lip slightly bent 



and reflected ; teeth four, situated as In V. 



pygmcea. (t. 12. f. 141.) 



Vertigo alpestris. Ferussac, MSS. ; Alder, Mag. Zool. and 

 Bot. ii. 112. — Pupa pygmsea, var. Forbes and Hanley, 

 B.M. iv. 106. t. 130. f. 6. 



Inhab. old walls. 



Differs from V. pygmcBa, to which it is very like, 

 in being more cylindrical and slightly striated. The 

 teeth somewhat narrow and the colour more fulvous. 

 The shell is about one tenth of an inch long, half as 

 broad. 



78. 5. Vertigo suhstriafa. Six-toothed Whorl 



Shell. — Shell subcylindrical, ventricose, shining, 

 striated, yellow horn-colour; mouth orbicular 

 lunate, rather sinuated, with two or three plaits 

 on the pillar, and three on the outer lip. (t. 7. 

 f. 84.) 



Turbo sex dentatus. Montagu, T. B. t. 12. f. 8.; Sheppard, 

 Linn. Trans, xiv. 156. — Vertigo similis. Ferussac, Prod. 

 64. — Pupa sexdentata. Alder, Ti-ans. North, i. 84. — Pupa 

 substriata. Alder, Cat, ii. 339. ; Forbes and Hanley, B. M. 

 iv. 108. t. 130. f. 3. — Alasa substriata. Jeffreys, Linn. 

 Trans, xvi. 315. — Vertigo substriata. Alder, Cat. Supp., 

 and Mag. Zool. and Bot. ii. 112.; Gray, Man. 202. — Vertigo 

 sexdentata. Turton, Man. ed. 1. t. 7. f. 84. — Vertigo curta. 

 Held. Isis, 1837, 304. 



Inhab. marshy places, at the roots of grass, and 



