256 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



ceous-rufous, palest posteriorly, the whole region immaculate. "Wing-formula, 3. 2-4- 1, 

 5. Wing, 9.90; tail, 6.70; tarsus, 1.62; middle toe, 1.45. 



Adult 9 (42,070. Mirador; Sartorius). Similar to the male in almost every respect. 

 Plumbeous above I'ather darker and more uniform, although the difference is scarcely 

 perceptible. Secondaries more broadly tipped witli white, and upper tail-coverts more 

 conspicuously barred with the same. White bars of the black areas beneath scarcely 

 observable. Tail with eight white bars, as in the male longest primary with fourteen 

 white bars on inner web of longest. Wing-formula, 3, 2-4-5=1. Wing, 11.30 ; tail, 

 7.80; tarsus, 1.70; middle toe, 1.55. 



Juv. a (intermediate stage). $ (37,334, ^Mtizatlan, W. Mexico ; Col. A. J. G-rayson). 

 Plumbeous above darker and more brownish, uniform from rump to head, the former 

 strongly tinged with rusty, this bordering the feathers. Tail darker and more brownish ; 

 white bars ten in number, instead of eight, narrower, and tinged with brownish ; longest 

 primary with thirteen bars of white on inner web. Lining of the wing black, leaving 

 only a broad ochraceous stripe along the edge ; feathers of the black portion with small 

 circular white spots along their edges. Breast strongly tinged with ochraceous, and with 

 large longitudinal blotches of black of cuneate form, and so crowded as to give almost 

 the predominating color ; the black patches lack entirely the white bars. WJhg-formula, 

 3=2-4-1-5. Wing, 10.00 ; tail, 7.20. 



9 (55,019, Mazatlan, Grayson). Similar to the last, but lacking the rusty tinge on 

 the rump ; tail with eight Avhite bars, as in the adult ; pectoral stripes narrower and less 

 numerous than in the preceding, and white bars distinguishable on the black areas. Wing- 

 formula, 3, 2 - 4 - 1 - 5. Wing, 11.30 ; tail, 8.20. 



h {first plumage). $ (45,693 and 49,508, Buenos Ayres, Conchitas ; William H. 

 Hudson). Similar to immature male (37,334). Above dull umber-drab, darker on 

 the head ; feathers of back, scapular, rump, and wings fading on edges ; rump much 

 tinged with rusty, this bordering the feathers. Tail with nine very obsolete, narrow, 

 dull white bars, these not touching the edge of the feather on either web. Longest 

 primary with ten transverse white bars on inner web. Beneath pale ochraceous, almost 

 as deep anteriorly as posteriorly ; dark areas restricted to a large patch on each side, and 

 dull dark brown (very similar to the wings), instead of black, and scarcely varied ; breast 

 and upper part of abdomen (between the blackish lateral patches) with large longitudinal 

 cuneate blotches of the same. " Winter visitor." 



Hab. Whole of South America ; northward through Central America and Mexico, 

 across the Rio G-rande, into Texas and New Mexico. 



Locahties: Guatemala (Scl. Ibis, 1,219) ; Cathagena (Cassin, Pr. An. N. S. 1860, 132) ; 

 La Plata (Burm. Reise, 437) ; Mexiana (Scl. & Salv. 1867, 590) ; Brazil (Pelz. 0. Bras. 

 I, 4) ; Buenos Ayres (Scl. & Salv. 1868, 143) ; Chile (Philippi) ; W. Peru (Scl. & 

 Salv. 1858, 570 ; 1869, 155) ; Venezuela (Scl. & Salv. 1869, 252). 



A specimen from Paraguay (58,738, S ? <^'apt. T. J. Page, U. S. N.) has 

 the slaty above lighter than in the Mirador male, approaching to ash. The 

 ■white bars on the black side-patches are very numerous and regular ; tlie 

 white of the forehead is more sharply defined, and the deep rufescent-ochre 

 of the posterior portion of the postocular striiie is even deeper than that of 

 the tibife, etc. ; the breast has a few narrow blackish streaks. The bars on 

 wings and tail, however, are as in Mexican examples. This specimen prob- 

 ably denotes greater age than any other in the series. 



Another specimen (29,809, 9 , Mirador), perhaps very young, is rather 

 different from the others in the coloration of the lower parts ; the rufous of 



