214 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Tail and secondaries with a subterminal band of dusky ; lower parts 

 with rufous markings. 



Wing, 12.90-16.00; tail, 9.00 - 10..50 ; culmen, .65 -.75; tarsus, 

 2.90-3.25; middle toe, 1.20-1.55. Lower parts with scattered 

 irregular specks, or small cordate spots, of reddish-rufous. Hob. 



North and Middle America var. hudsonius. 



Wing, 12.40-14.-50; tail, 8..50 - 10.50 ; culmen, .62 -.81; tarsus, 

 2.42-3.00; middle toe, 1.20-1.50. Lower parts with numerous 

 regular transverse bars of reddish-rufous. Hah. South America. 



Circus cyaneus, var. hudsonius (Linn.). 



MARSH HAWK ; AKERICAN HARRIER. 



Falco hudsonius, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 128, 1766. — Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 277, 1789. — Lath. 

 Syn. I, 91, sp. 76, 1781 ; Gen. Hist. I, p. 97, sp. C. 1821. — Daud. Tr. Orn. II, 173, 

 1800. — Shaw, Zool. VII, 165, 1809. Circus hudsonius, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. pi. 

 ix, 1807. — Cass. B. Cal. & Tex. p. 108,'l854 ; Bhds N. Am. 1858, p. 38. — Heeum. 

 P. R. R. Rep't, II, 33, 1855. — Kennerly, P. R. R. Rep't, III, 19, 1856. — Newb. 

 P. R. R. Rep't, VI, 74, 1857. —Coop. & Suck. P. R. R. Rep't, XII, ii, 150, I860.— 

 Strickl. Orn. Syn. I, 150, 1855. — CouES, Prod. B. Ariz. 13, 1866. — Blakist. Ibis, 

 1861, 319. — Lord, Pr. R. A. I. IV, 1864, 110 (Brit. Coll.). Circus cyaneus hudsonius, 

 SCHLEG. Mus. Pays-Bas, Circi, 2, 1862. Circus cijaneus, var. hudsonius, (Ridgway) 

 CouES, Key, 1872, 210. — Gray, Hand List, I, 37, 1869. Strigiceps hudsonius, Bonap. 

 Consp. Av. p. 35, 1850. Falco spadicens, Gmel. Sj'st. Nat. p. 273, 1789. — Forst. 

 Phil. Trans. LXII, 383, 1772. Falco buffoni, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 277, 1789. — Lath. 

 Gen. Hist. I, 98, D, 1821. Falco xdiginosus, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 278, 1789. — Lath. 

 Ind. Orn. p. 40, 179 ; Syn. I, 90, 1781 ; Gen. Hist. I, 271, 1821. —Daud. Tr. Orn. 

 II, 173, 1800. — AViLs. Am. Orn. pi. 11, f. 2, 1808. —Sab. App. Frankl. Exp. p. 671. 

 Circus uliginosits, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. I, 37, 1807. — DeKay, Zool. N. Y. II, 20, 

 pi. hi, figs. 5, 6, 1844. —James. (Wils.) Am. Orn. I, 88, 1831. —Max. Cab. Journ. 

 VI, 1858, 20. Strigiccps tdiginosus, Bonap. Eur. & N. Am. B. p. 5, 1838. — Kaup, 

 Monog. Falc. Cont. Orn. 1850, p. 58. Falco cyaneus & /3. Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 40, 1790 ; 

 Syn. I, 91, 7 sp. 6A. — Shaw, Zool. VII, 164, 1809. Falco cyaneus, Aud. B. Am. pi. 

 ccclvi, 1831. —James. (Wils.) Am. Orn. IV, 21, 1831. — Bonap. Am. Orn. pi. 12 ; 

 Ann. Lye. N. Y. II, 33 ; Isis, 1832, p. 1538. — Peab. B. Mass. p. 82, 1841. Circus 

 cyaneus, Bonap. Ann. Lye. N. Y. p. 33. — Jard. (Wils.) Am. Orn. II, 391. — Rich. 



Measurements.— <?. "Wing, 12.50-13.25; tail, 9.00-9.30; culmen, .60-.70 ; tarsus, 2.75- 

 2.90 ; middle toe, 1.10-1.25. Specimens, 8. 9. Wing, 13.50-15.00 ; tail, 9.50-10.70 ; cul- 

 men, .75 ; tarsus, 2.70-2.85 ; middle toe, 1.25-1.35. Specimens, 4. 



Observations. — The adult female of cyaneus is distinguishable from that of hudsonius by lighter 

 colors and less distinct ochraceous blotches on the shoulders. 



1 Circus cyaneus, var. cinercus (Vieill.). Circus cinereus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. H. N. IV, 

 1816, 454. — Darwin, Zoiil. Beag. pt. iii, 30. — D'Orb. Synop. Av. Mag. Zool. 1837. — Strickl. 

 Orn. Syn. I, 156. — Gray, Hand List, I, 37, No. 368. Circus campestris, Vieill. Enc. Meth. 

 Ill, 1823, 1213. Circus frenatus, Licht. Verz. Doubl. 1823, p. 62. Circus histrionicus, QuoY, 

 ZobL Journ. Ill, 1826, 271. 



Specimens examined. — National Museum, 7 ; Philadelphia Academy, 5 ; Boston Society, 3 ; 

 Museum Cambridge, 1 ; Cab. G. N. Lawrence, 1. Total, 17. 



Measurements. — $. Wing, 12.40-13.25 ; tail, 8.50-9.00 ; culmen, .62-. 63; tarsus, 2.42- 

 2.60; middle toe, 1.20-1.25. Specimens, 11. 9. Wing, 13.75-14.50; tail, 9.30-10.50; 

 culmen, .75-. 80 ; tarsus, 2.80-3.00 ; middle toe, 1.40-1.50. Specimens, 5. 



