THE RAMUS LATERALIS ACCESSORIUS. 247 



Amia the facialis portion has been reduced almost beyond 

 recognition, being represented only by a delicate anasto- 

 mosis between the terminal filaments of the first branch 

 of the r. ophthalmicus superficialis V and dorsal cutaneous 

 twigs of the vagus (Allis, '97, p. 600). The post-auditory 

 portion, however, is represented by a large communis 

 element which passes from the IX root to the lateralis 

 root of the vagus and whose distribution is evidently very 

 much like that of the corresponding, but smaller, nerve 

 in Menidia. In forms like the gadoids the superficial 

 recurrent nerve from the VII nerve is of considerable size 

 and it is joined intra-cranially by a small post-auditory 

 portion from the vagus. And finally in some of the 

 cyprinoids the external (superficial) element from the 

 facialis has been altogether lost and the anastomosis from 

 the VII to the IX + X is altogether intra-cranial. 



Since the preceding pages were written I have received 

 Cole's paper ('98a) to which reference has already been 

 made, and I am pleased to find that my conclusions con- 

 firm in most important respects those of this eminently 

 careful student. In some points regarding the morphol- 

 ogy of the r. lateralis accessorius and related structures, 

 however, I cannot follow him. All that could be gained 

 by dissection has been done and well done. The micro- 

 scopical anatomy, however, was done on sections of very 

 young codfish, which must have been poorly adapted to 

 the purpose, for he did not succeed in his analysis of the 

 trigemino-facial roots. 



The conclusions to which he was led, both in his exam- 

 ination of the literature and in his study of the sections, 

 are in some important respects so different from my own 

 that I have been led to examine the condition in Gadus. 

 As this investieation is still unfinished at the time when 



