66 CALYCANTHACEAE, 
CALYCANTHUS. Strawberry Shrub. 
(Family Calycanthaceae). 
Sparingly branched aromatic 
shrubs: deciduous. Twigs moder- 
ately slender, compressed at the 
nodes: pith relatively large, 
somewhat 6-sided, white, continu- 
ous. Buds superposed in a single 
bud-like aggregate, sessile, round 
or oblong, brown-hairy, without 
evident scales, the end-bud lack- 
ing. lLeaf-scars opposite, excep- 
tionally twisted into 2 ranks or 
the pairs separated, horseshoe- 
shaped, raised: bundle-traces 3: 
stipule-scars lacking. (Butneria). 
Winter-characters of Calycan- 
thus fertilis, C. floridus and C. oc- 
cidentalis are contrasted by 
Schneider, f. 222. 
Calycanthus, with many bracts, 
sepals, petals and stamens inter- 
grading so as to confirm the im- 
pression that all are modified leaves, and lacking the definite 
arrangement in whorls that marks many flowers, in these 
respects presents a primitive floral type. On the other hand, 
as in a rose, the receptacle or end of the stem is produced 
into a deep cup on which these parts originate. Such cases 
furnish an argument against an opinion that the Dicotyle- 
dones are primarily divisible into axifloral and calycifloral 
groups. 
1. Buds rounded. 2. 
Buds conical-oblong. (1). C. occidentalis. 
2. Twigs more or less persistently villous. (2). C. floridus. 
Twigs glabrescent or puberulous. C. fertilis. 
