76 SAXIFRAGACEAE. 
FENDLERA. 
(Family Saxifragaceae). 
Shrubs, intricately branched: 
deciduous. Twigs squarish or 
round, soon fluted or ribbed, some- 
times almost spine-tipped, rather 
slender, at first gray-puberulent: 
pith small, rounded, white, contin- 
uous. Buds rather small, solitary, 
sessile, with 1 or 2 pairs of white- 
hairy scales, nearly or quite con- 
cealed by the much-raised leaf- 
scar. lLeaf-scars opposite, trun- 
cately linear: bundle-traces 3, 
minute: stipule-scars lacking, but 
the leaf-scars connected by a 
transverse line. 
The winter-characters of Fend- 
lera rupicola are pictured by 
Schneider, f. 190. 
The persistent base of the peti- 
ole with the narrow leaf-scar 
running across its top, in Fend- 
lera, finds an extended parallel in Philadelphus, where the 
leaf-scar is broad. In these cases it is to be seen that the 
leaf-scar really has been formed by a similar but more ex- 
tended oblique abscission through the enlarged base of the 
petiole. Among many comparative publications on such ar- 
ticular membranes or articular tegments is an excellent pa- 
per by Hildebrand, in volume 13 of the Botanisches Central- 
blatt. Other good examples of articular membranes are af- 
forded by such Leguminosae as Robinia and Sophora. 
Twigs gray or buff, stiff. (1). F. rupicola. 
Twigs red-brown, flexible. F. tomentella. 
