ROSACEAE. 111 
CRATAEGUS. Haw. Red Haw. 
(Family Rosaceae). 
Shrubs or trees, usually with 
well-developed twig-spines:decidu- 
ous. Twigs moderate or rather 
slender, terete: pith rather small, 
continuous, roundish. Buds soli- 
tary or collaterally branched in 
spine formation, sessile, round or 
oblong-ovoid, with some half-dozen 
exposed fleshy and often bright 
red scales. lLeaf-scars alternate, 
narrowly crescent-shaped, some- 
what raised: bundle-traces 3: 
stipule-scars small. 
A complex aggregate of minor 
species incapable as yet of delimi- 
tation in winter even if they may 
be known when found with foli- 
age, flowers and fruit: though 
the pointed habit of growth of C. 
Phaenopyrum {the Washington 
Thorn), the open round+headed 
form of C. mollis (the common Red-Haw of the prairie re- 
gion,—1) and its thornless variety inermis,—2, the stratified 
branching of ©C. Crus-galli (the Cockspur Thorn,—3) and C. 
punctata, and the ash-gray outer bark, flaking from the buff- 
orange inner layers of C. viridis (the River Haw,—4) joined 
to the obvious bud-differences figured, suggest that the task 
of segregating the more commonly cultivated forms in winter 
may be less hopeless than it appears at first sight. The 
European Hawthorns of the gardens are in part C. oxyacan- 
tha and in part the very similar C. monogyna,—5.—Winter- 
character references under Purshia. 
