ROSACEAE. - 115 
Rusus. Bramble. 
(Family Rosaceae). 
Rather soft-wooded simple low 
shrubs, mostly armed with prick- 
les, occasionally trailing or 
scrambling over supports: decidu- 
ous, or in warm regions more or 
less evergreen. Shoots moderate, 
often 5-angled: pith relatively 
large, brownish, crenately round 
or sharply 5-angled, continuous. 
Buds moderate, sessile, oblong, 
ovoid, commonly superposed with 
the upper developing the first 
year or the second smaller and 
covered by the petiole, and oc- 
casionally collaterally branched, 
with some half-dozen exposed 
scales. Leaf-scars alternate, torn 
and irregularly shriveled on the 
much-raised persistent  petiole- 
base: bundle-trace not discernible, 
but 3 bundles evident when the 
crescent- or U-shaped petiole remnant is cut across at its 
base: stipule-scars lacking, but the stipules often persistent 
at top of the petiole remnant.—Winter-character references 
under Neillia. 
The brambles, or raspberries and blackberries as they are 
called usually in this country, vegetatively similar to the 
roses, present one of the rare instances of deciduous leaves 
which do not disarticulate by a cleancut abscission but tear 
away in the autumn. Growers of small-fruits are familiar, 
too, with the fact that they do not stop their seasonal growth 
at a definitely limited point but, like many willows, a num- 
ber of them continue to produce unmatured shoots until 
