RHAMNACEAE. 215 
CONDALIA. 
(Family Rhamnaceae). 
Intricately branched spiny 
Sh rivb sy cor smal: trees)- ot 
the southwest. Twigs _ slender, 
usually obscurely 5-angled, gray: 
pith small, roundish, continuous. 
Buds sessile, small, rounded, with 
about 2 exposed scales, solitary, 
or collaterally branched in spine 
formation, more or less developed 
as short spurs. Leaf-scars alter- 
nate, crescent-shaped, minute, 
somewhat raised: bundle-trace 1, 
indistinct: stipules persistent be- 
side the bud. The first and last 
species are frequently treated un- 
der Zizyphus. 
Though the Spanish word 
chaparral, now familiar in the 
southwest, properly means a 
thicket of scrub oak, it has come 
into general use as the designa- 
tion of any dense tangle of low stiff shrubs, Condalia, Ceano- 
thus and Lycium are prominent spiny constituents of such 
tangles. 
1. Tree. (Purple haw). C. obovata. 
Shrubs. 2. 
2. Twigs glaucous, with black dots. (1). C. obtusifolia. 
3. 
Twigs not glaucous when mature. 3. 
Twigs terete, with roughening bark. (2). C. spathulata. 
Twigs rather evidently angled. 4. 
. Glabrate. (3). C. lycioides. 
Persistently somewhat white-hairy. OC. lycioides canescens. 
