OLEACEAE, 317 
CHIONANTHUS. Fringe Tree. 
(Family Oleaceae). 
Shrubs or small trees: decidu- 
ous. Twigs moderate, more or less 
4-sided: pith moderate, homogen- 
eous, roundish, white. Buds often 
superposed, sessile, round-ovoid, 
rather small, with about 3 pairs. 
of pungently pointed keeled 
scales. Leaf-scars opposite, cres- 
cent-shaped, raised, rather small: 
bundle-trace 1, transverse, com- 
pound: stipule-scars lacking. 
Winter-character references: — 
Chionantnus retusa. Shirasawa, 
274, pl. 11. OC. virginica. Schnei- 
der, f. 205. 
An excellent contrast between 
the woods of closely related gen- 
era is afforded by the cross sec- 
tions of the strongly ring-porous 
wood of Frazinus (p. 385), the 
weakly ring-porous wood of 
Chionanthus (p. 401) and the diffused-porous wood of Foresti- 
era (p. 403), as illustrated in Hough’s uniquely “photo-de- 
scriptive’” Handbook of the Trees of the Northern States and 
Canada. 
Buds ovoid, buff: scales short-pointed. (1). C. virginica. 
Buds subconical, dark: scales often long-attenuate. C. retusa. 
