364 GLOSSARY 
Ascending. Between spreading and appressed, as applied to 
buds. 
Attenuate. Narrowly drawn out, in contrast with acute. 
Auricled. With small projections at base (leaf of heather). 
Axil. The angle above a leaf: the point above a leaf-scar. 
Axillary. In the axil. 
Balsam. A fragrant gum. 
Balsamiferous or Balsamifiuous. Producing or exuding bal- 
sam. 
Bark. The rough outer part of the cortex; loosely used for 
the entire cortex. 
Bast. The fibrous part of the cortex. Technically, the phloem 
or part of the fibro-vascular bundles of higher plants that 
contains sieve-cells. 
Beaked. Ending in a beak or prolonged point. 
Berry. A fleshy fruit, usually small. 
Bi-. Twice, or doubly (bipinnate: bibracteate). 
Bract. A modified leaf of an inflorescence. Several bracts 
form an involucre. 
Bracteate or bracted. With bracts. 
Branch. One of the coarser divisions of a trunk or main 
stem: loosely, any division of the stem. 
Branch-spine. The same as twig-spine. 
Bristly. With stiff hairs. 
Broken. Not continuous, as applied to bundle-traces. 
Bud. The rudimentary or resting end or branch of a stem: 
usually referring to the stage in which the growing tips 
pass the winter or dry season; also applied to undeveloped 
flowers or flower-clusters. Scaly buds are protected by 
modified leaves or stipules. Naked buds lack such spe- 
cial protection. Usually one bud occurs in each axil or 
angle above a leaf, but these often branch and collateral 
buds, standing side by side, are thus produced: in some 
plants (walnut, honeysuckle) several buds occur one 
above the other (superposed) in an axil. 
