XXXVIil INTRODUCTION. 
the genus Hippopotamus, extinct in England, in Europe, 
and in Asia,* should continue to be represented im Africa 
and in none of the remoter continents of the earth ‘— 
Africa also having its Hyena, its Elephant, its Rhino- 
ceroses, and its great feline Carnivores. The discovery 
of extinct species of Camelopardalis in both Europe and 
Asia, of which genus the sole existing representative 1s 
now, like the Hippopotamus, confined to Africa, adds 
to the propriety of regarding the three continuous con- 
tinental divisions of the Old World as forming, in respect 
to the geographical distribution of pliocene, post-pliocene 
and recent Mammalian genera, one great natural province. 
The only large HEdentate animal (Pangolin gigantesque, 
Cuvier, Macrotherium, Lartet) hitherto found in the ter- 
tiary deposits of Europe, but in those of an earlier period 
(older pliocene or miocene) than the deposits to whose 
Mammalian Fossils the present comparison more imme- 
diately refers, manifests its nearest affinities to the genus 
Manis, which is exclusively Asiatic and African. 
Kixtendmg our comparison between the existing and 
the latest of the extinct series of Mammalia to the con- 
tinent of South America, it may first be remarked, that 
with the exception of some of the carnivorous and Cer- 
vine species, no representatives of the above-cited Mam- 
malian genera of the Old World of the geographer have 
yet been found im South America. Buffon + long since 
enunciated a similar generalization with regard to the 
existing species and genera of Mammalia; it is almost 
* Marsden, in his ‘ History of Sumatra,’ mentions a species of Hippopotamus 
as still existing in the Sunda Isles ; but this has much need of confirmation: the 
fossil sub-genus of Hippopotamus (Heaaprotodon of Cautley and Falconer) gives 
a new stimulus, however, to the inquiry after the Hippopotamus or Succatyro 
of the Indian Archipelago. 
+ Cited by Lyell in the ‘ Principles of Geology,’ 1837, vol. iii. p. 27. 
