QUADRUMANA. o 
penned had been discovered in any of the marine strata of 
the Eocene epoch in England. 
I have been so fortunate, in my researches on the Fossil 
Mammalia of Great Britain, as to determine not only the 
remains of extinct Pachydermal animals (Lophiodon and 
Hyracotherium) in the Eocene beds called the London 
Clay, but, likewise, of a Quadrumane, or Monkey, in a 
sandy stratum of the same formation, the epoch of which 
had been shown by Mr. Lyell, from the evidence of other 
organic remains, to have had a temperature sufliciently 
high for arboreal Mammalia of the four-handed order. 
The fossils manifesting the quadrumanous characters 
were discovered, in 1839, by Mr. William Colchester, in a 
bed of whitish sand beneath a stratum of tenacious blue 
clay, situated by the side of the river Deben, about a mile 
from Woodbridge, in the parish of Kingston, commonly 
called Kyson, in Suffolk.* 
The first of these fossils submitted to my inspeetion, (jig. 
1, m, 5,) was the fragment of the right side of the lower 
jaw, including the anterior part of the base of the coronoid 
process, and the last molar tooth entire in its socket. This 
tooth is, fortunately, a very characteristic one ; and after a 
comparison of it with the corresponding tubercular tooth in 
the lower jaw of the Coati (Nasua), Racoon (Procyon), 
Ratel, Opossum, Phalanger, and other small unguiculate 
quadrupeds of a mixed or partially carnivorous diet, I pro- 
ceeded to an examination of the Quadrumana, and found in 
that order the desired correspondence. 
The extreme rarity of the fossil remains of such highly 
organised animals in any part of the world, and the pre- 
vious total absence of any in a land so far from the Equator 
* In August 1839, see Magazine of Natural History for September, 1839, p. 
446. These rare fossils are now in the possession of Mr, Colchester. 
