4 MACACUS. 
as England, prevented my examination, in the first instance, 
of the skeletons of the recent Quadrumana; and it was 
not until I had tried all the more probable analogues of the 
fossil fragment in the lower forms of the Mammalia, that I 
began to test it by the side of the jaws of the Apes and 
Monkeys. 
Fig. oe 
The grinding surface of the fossil tooth (fig. 3, m, 3,) 
supports five tubercles, the four anterior ones being arran- 
ged in two transverse pairs, the fifth forming a posterior 
heel, or talon. This conformation of the crown of the 
last molar in the lower jaw characterises two families of 
Catarrhine, or Old World Monkeys, viz., the Semnopithecida, 
including the genera Colobus and Semnopithecus, and the 
Macacide, including the genera Macacus, Cynocephalus, 
and Papio. 
