URSUS SPELAUS. 105 
large carnivorous quadrupeds, and among them those of the 
Bear. 
In the valley of the Thames these deposits afford con- 
siderable quantities of brick-earth, and in working this 
material at Grays in Essex, and also at Whitstable, re- 
mains of a large species of Ursus have been discovered. 
Mr. Brown of Stanway has obtained remains of a large 
species of Bear from the freshwater formations of Clacton, 
where they are associated with the Mammoth, Rhinoceros, 
and other large extinct quadrupeds. The lower jaw from 
the lacustrme beds near Bacton, in Norfolk, containing 
evidences of the Mammoth, Trogontherium, Palospalax, 
and other extinct quadrupeds is referable, as has been already 
pointed out, to the Ursus spelaus. 
In the newer pliocene fluviatile deposits traced by Mr. 
Strickland from Warwickshire into the valley of the Severn, 
near Tewkesbury, the remains of a Bear, which is regarded 
with great probability as one of the extinct species of 
Ursus, were discovered associated, as in the freshwater de- 
posits in Essex, with remains of Hippopotamus, Rhino- 
ceros, Mammoth, the great Aurochs, Wolf, and Deer. 
The latest Ursme remains having any claim to be ad- 
mitted into a record of British Fossils, are the entire skull 
and portions of the upper and lower jaws of the Bear from 
the Cambridgeshire Fen, and they belong to the existing 
Kuropean black variety of the Ursus Arctos. 
The oldest fossil referable to the genus Ursus from Bri- 
tish strata is the crown of a molar tooth, which was found 
associated with the teeth of a hog, and of a species of 
Felis as large as a Leopard, at Newbourn, near Woodbridge, 
Suffolk. Mr. Lyell, after examining the locality from 
which Mr. Colchester obtained these teeth, inclines to the 
belief that they came from the red crag. The Bear’s 
tooth is the antepenultimate grinder of the right. side, 
