248 PROBOSCIDIA. 
and markings of ivory, but was reduced to the colour and 
consistency of horn, and retained a considerable degree 
of elasticity. 
A very perfect specimen was dug up entire in 1842, 
twelve feet below the surface, out of the drift gravel of 
Cambridge ; it measured five feet in length and two feet 
four inches across the chord of its curve, and eleven inches 
in circumference at the thickest part of its base: this tusk 
was purchased by the Royal College of Surgeons. The 
smallest Mammoth’s tusk which I have seen is in the 
museum of Mr. Wickham Flower; it is from the drift or 
till at Uford, Essex, and has belonged to a very young 
Mammoth; its length measured along the outer curve is 
twelve inches and a half, and the circumference of its base 
four inches. It has nevertheless been evidently put to use 
by the young animal, the tip having been obliquely worn. 
Mr. Robert Bald * has described a portion of a Mam- 
moth’s tusk, thirty-nine inches long and thirteen inches in 
circumference, which was found imbedded in diluvial clay at 
Clifton Hall, between Edinburgh and Falkirk, fifteen or 
. twenty feet from the present surface. Two other tusks of 
nearly the same size have been discovered at Kilmaurs in 
Ayrshire, at the depth of seventeen feet and a half from the 
surface, in diluvial clay. The state of preservation of these 
tusks was nearly equal to that of the fossil ivory of Siberia ; 
that described by Mr. Bald was sold by the workmen who 
found it to an ivory-turner in Edinburgh for two pounds: 
it was sawn asunder to be made into chessmen. The 
tusks of the Mammoth found in England are usually 
more decayed: but Dr. Buckland alludes to a tusk from 
argillaceous diluvium on the Yorkshire coast, which was 
hard enough to be used by the ivory-turners. A por- 
* Wernerian Trans. vol. iv. p. 58. 
