ELEPHAS PRIMIGENIUS. 265 
winter snows of Lapland; and, were such a quadruped to 
be clothed, like the Reindeer, with a natural garment 
capable of resisting the rigours of an arctic winter, its 
adaptation for such a climate would be complete. Had 
our knowledge of the Mammoth, indeed, been restricted, 
as in the case of almost every other extinct animal, to its 
bones and teeth, it would have been deemed a hazardous 
speculation to have conceived, @ priori, that the extinct 
ancient Elephant, whose remains were so abundant in the 
frozen soil of Siberia, had been clad, like most existing 
quadrupeds adapted for such a climate, with a double gar- 
ment of close fur and coarse hair; seeing that both the 
existing species of Hlephant are almost naked, or, at best, 
scantily provided when young with scattered coarse hairs 
of one kind only. 
The wonderful and unlooked for discovery of an entire 
Mammoth, demonstrating the arctic character of its na- 
tural clothing, has, however, confirmed the deductions 
which might have been legitimately founded upon the 
localities of its most abundant remains, as well as upon 
the structure of its teeth, viz., that, like the Reindeer and 
Musk Ox of the present day, it was capable of existing in 
high northern latitudes. 
The circumstances of this discovery have been recorded 
by Mr. Adams, in the ‘Journal du Nord,’ printed at 
Petersburg in 1807, and in the 5th volume of the ‘ Memoirs 
of the Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg,” of 
which an excellent English translation was published in 1819. 
Schumachoff, a Tungusian hunter and collector of fossil 
ivory, who had migrated in 1799 to the peninsula of Ta- 
mut, at the mouth of the river Lena, one day perceived 
amongst the blocks of ice a shapeless mass, not at all re- 
sembling the large pieces of floating wood which are com- 
