294 PROBOSCIDIA. 
to it, had the Mastodon giganteus been the sole species of 
the genus which manifested such remarkable characters. 
But an analogous sexual distinction would seem to 
have characterised the species of Mastodon (Mastodon 
angustidens) most common in Europe, by specimens dis- 
covered in the tertiary deposits at Eppelsheim, in Gascony, 
and in England, as in the example of the inferior tusk 
above described. 
A symphysial extremity of the lower jaw with two 
sockets, shewing that it had contained tusks slightly in- 
clined downwards, together with portions of nearly straight 
tusks, from the same formation at Eppelsheim, had been 
originally assigned by Dr. Kaup to his genus Dinotherium ; 
but the subsequent discovery of the remaining part of the 
same lower Jaw as the bi-alveolar symphysis shewed, by 
the molar teeth, that it was a Mastodon which had pos- 
sessed the two inferior and almost straight tusks; and 
upon this specimen, (fig. 96,) which is remarkable for the 
great prolongation of the symphysis and sockets of the 
tusks, Dr. Kaup founded his Mastodon longirostris ; inter- 
preting the character of the lower tusks in the European 
Mastodon as a specific distinction, just as Dr. Godman 
had previously interpreted the first discovered American 
Mastodon’s lower Jaw with tusks, as evidence of a new 
genus. 
The molar teeth of the Eppelsheim jaw do not, however, 
differ from those on which Cuvier had previously founded 
his species called Mastodon angustidens, and I have been 
led by this correspondence, and by the analogy of the 
Mastodon giganteus, to the conclusion* that the lower 
tusks of the Eppelshetm Mastodon are a sexual character, 
* Expressed in my ‘ Report on British Fossil Mammalia,’ in the Report of 
the British Association, 1843, p. 220, 
