390 SOLIPEDIA. 
Cuvier has given most excellent figures of the principal 
bones of the existing Horse, in the volume cited of the 
‘Ossemens Fossiles,’ plates i. and ii. Amongst the most 
recognisable ones are the astragalus (fig. 153), and the last 
phalanx, which is enveloped by the hoof, called by farriers 
the ‘coffin-bone’ (fig. 154). The thigh-bone is distin- 
guished from that of any Ruminant of the same size by 
the flattened process from the outer side of the shaft below 
the great trochanter ; and the Horse thereby manifests its 
affinity to the Rhinoceros and Paleothere. 
Mr. Fitch of Norwich has a lower molar tooth of a 
Horse three and a half inches in length, and a metacarpal 
or cannon bone ten inches long, with one of the splint-bones 
anchylosed to it; both are from Phocene deposits in 
Norfolk. 
The largest bone of an extremity of a fossil Horse which 
I have seen, is a second phalanx from the upper pliocene 
deposits at Walton-on-Naze, Essex, where it was dis- 
covered by Mr. Brown of Stanway; it measures two 
inches eight lines in extreme breadth, and two inches four 
lines in length. The corresponding bones from Oreston are 
smaller. Mr. Brown has also found remains of a Horse 
associated with those of the Rhinoceros leptorhinus, Elephas 
and Urus, in the fresh-water deposits at Clacton, in 
Hssex. Remains of the Lyuus fossilis have been discovered, 
similarly associated with larger extinct Pachyderms, in the 
pliocene formations at Audley End, by the Hon. R. C. 
Neville. The wide distribution of the fossil Horse over the 
surface of this island, in the pliocene and later deposits, is 
indicated by the citations at the commencement of this 
section. 
I have been favoured with the followmg notes of the 
discovery of fossil teeth of a species of Hquus in Ireland, by 
