478 CERVUS. 
ment of stag’s horn in so small a recess of the cave, that 
it never could have been introduced, unless singly and after 
separation from the head ; and near it was the molar tooth 
of an elephant.” * 
Similar fragments of shed antlers of the Red-deer, asso- 
ciated with others referable to the Megaceros and the great 
Strongyloceros, have been found in Kent’s Hole at Torquay ; 
they all show the effects of gnawing, and indicate that all 
the three species of Deer co-existed in England with the 
Hyena and other extinct carnivora at that remote period. 
In Ireland the remains of the Cervus Hlaphus have been 
frequently found associated, as in the lacustrine marls of 
Yorkshire, with the Megaceros; but the most abundant 
specimens occur in the still more recent turbary and allu- 
vial deposits of that island. The fine crowned antler, one 
of a pair discovered in the bed of the Boyne at Drogheda, 
and now preserved in the Museum of Sir Philip Egerton, 
(fig. 196,) measures thirty inches in length, and sends off not 
fewer than fifteen snags or branches. Many instances of 
the discovery of remains of the Red-deer in the morasses 
and the lacustrine marls beneath peat-mosses of Scotland, 
have been recorded, and the chain of evidence of the ex- 
istence of this species of Deer in Britain, from the pliocene 
tertiary period to the present time, seems to be unbroken. 
This at least is certam, that a Deer, undistinguishable by 
the characters of its enduring remains from the Cervus 
Hlaphus, co-existed with the Megaceros, the spelean 
Hyena, the tichorhine Rhinoceros, and the Mammoth, and 
has survived, as a species, those influences which appear to 
have caused the extinction of its gigantic associates, as well 
as of some smaller animals, fer example the Trogontherium, 
the Lagomys, and the still more diminutive Palaospalax. 
* © Reliquice Diluyiane,’ p. 32. 
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