New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 487 



Queens, N. Y., has devised an instrument by means of which 

 tills difficulty is overcome. It consists of a brass tube two feet 

 long and bearing at its extremity a spray nozzle. This instru- 

 ment is attached to the hose of the force pump and run between 

 the rows of plants which are supported by the inverted V of 

 wire netting illustrated on a subsequent page of this Report. 

 One nozzle si3rays the right-hand row and the other nozzle sprays 

 the left-hand row. By this method it is possible to thoroughly 

 spray all parts of the foliage. The instrument is shown in Fig. 8. 

 It is not patented. 



In this connection it may be well to call attention to the inju- 

 rious effect which potassium sulphide has upon some knapsack 

 spraying machines. The following case came under my observa- 

 tion the past season : In May, 1895, a " Gould Handy Knapsack 

 Sprayer " was purchased and during the season it was used about 

 two days out of each week for spraying carnations with potassium 

 sulphide (1 oz. to 1 gal.) It is likely that a small quantity of 

 the solution remained in the sprayer each time after it was used. 

 The only other fungicides used in the sprayer were Bordeaux 

 mixture, copper sulphate and salt, each of which was used a few 

 times. About July 15, 1895, it was observed that the walls of the 

 tank of the sprayer were almost as thin as paper. Holes could 

 easily be punched through with the finger. The potassium sul- 

 }>hide had " eaten out " the sprayer in about seven weeks. The 

 owner informed me that this was his second experience of the 

 kind. In the spraying experiments repor.ted in this bulletin 

 a sprayer of another make was used and it was not injured in the 

 least by the use of potassium sulphide. Knapsack sprayers made 

 of copper (of which they should be made) will not be injured by 

 ])otassium sulphide. 



Controlling Rust without the Use op Fungicides. 



There is much of importance which is, as yet, unknown con- 

 cerning the physiology of carnation rust. Rust appears and dis- 

 appears and we are unable to account for it; its capricious be- 

 havior has been observed by everyone who has given the subject 



