346 MAZATLAN UNIVALVES 
Famity LITORINID &. 
Genus LITORINA, Fer. 
Littorina, Fér. Tabl. Elém., 1822, p. 10, (a littus, poet.) et auct. 
Litorina, Phil. Handb. Conch. p. 175, (a litus, norm.) 
If the British species of this genus, which are living in 
extreme profusion within reach of naturalists, are not yet 
satisfactorily ascertained, it is not to be expected that those 
from foreign shores should be more favourably situated. Re- 
peated and close examination of many thousand specimens 
from Mazatlan have involved the necessity of joming two of 
Philippi’s species. I have therefore dedicated to him, (in 
remembrance of his accurate Monographs of this and many 
other difficult genera, and especially of his great work on the 
Mollusea of Sicily,) aspecies which the necessities of the shells 
seemed to require, but which may hereafter, with more copious 
materials, share the same fate. 
Section A. Melaraphe, pars, H. & A. Ad. Gen. vol. 1. p. 314, 
396. Lirorina consPERSA, Phil. 
Abbild. pt. ii. pl. 4, f. 14.—C. B. Ad. Pan. Shells, p. 172, 
no. 234.—(Melaraphe c.) H. & A. Ad. Gen. i. 314. 
+ Litorina puncticulata, Phil. loc. cit. f.15.—C. B. Ad. loc. cit. 
p- 176, no. 241.—(Melaraphe p.) H. & A. Ad. loe. cit. 
=Litorina modesta, Wke. in Zeit. f. Mal. 1850, p. 164, no. 9:— 
(non Phil. loc.. cit. pl..6,-f. 12:— Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, 
p. 141 :—Midd. Mal. Ros. pt. ii. p. 66, no. 9, (Sitcha & New 
Albion, Barclay) :—H. & A. Ad. loc. eit. p. 313. 
The ordinary state of the species varies between the extremes 
described by Phz/. but comes nearer to L. puncticulata. The 
name L. conspersa is however retained, as being that by which 
the species is generally known, and most distinctive in deriva- 
tion, there being already a L. punctata. Prof. Adams, while 
acknowledging that the two species approximate, is able for 
the most part easily to distinguish his 400 specimens. The 
thousands that were sent in the Mazatlan collection not only 
offer intermediate forms, but run so gradually into each other, 
as not to allow of specific separation. 
The species is known by its white, or dirty yellowish colour, 
often dotted, especially in the young shell, with light purplish 
