27(5 Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 



A very common and generally distributed species, inhabiting the 

 thick woods as well as the palm and citrus-fruit groves, and often 

 coming familiarly to the vicinity of houses, to feed in the gardens and 

 among the vines. Several nests were found near Nueva Gerona, all 

 in the tops of palm trees, attached to the under side of the broad leaves. 

 This was during the first and second weeks in June. Young birds were 

 on the wing the latter part of June, accompanied by their parents, and 

 such family groups appeared to hold together until the following breed- 

 ing-season. " The oriole feeds a good deal among the flowers of 

 various shrubs and trees, and its head is often daubed with juice and 

 pollen from these." (Bangs & Zappey). 



134. Ptiloxena atroviolacea (D'Orbigny). D'Orbigny Blackbird. 



Quiscalus airo-violaceus Poey, Mem. Hist. Nat. Cuba, 1854, 427 (Nueva Gerona, 



fide Gundlach). 

 Dives atroviolaceus Cory, Cat. W. Indian Birds, 1892, 11 1 (I. of Pines, in geog. 



distr.). — Gundlach, Orn. Cubana, 1895, 123 (I. of Pines). 

 Ptiloxena atroviolacea Ridgway, BulL U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, II, 1902, 252 



(I. of Pines, in geog. distr.). — Bangs & Zappey, Am. Nat. XXXIX, 1905, 211 



(I. of Pines, ex Poey and Gundlach). — Sharpe, Hand-List Birds, V, 1909, 507 



(I. of Pines, in geog. distr.). — Read, Oologist, XXVI, 1909, 190 (I. of Pines); 



XXVII, 1910, 5 (Nuevas River); XXVIII, 1911, 12 (I. of Pines), 114 (West 



McKinley); XXX, 1913, 131 (I. of Pines). 

 (?) "Rusty Blackbird?" Read, Forest and Stream, LXXIII, 1909, 452 (I. of Pines). 



— Read, Oologist, XXVI, 1909, 58, and XXVIII, 1911, 12 (I. of Pines), 113 



(West McKinley). 



This is said to be a common species in Cuba, but it must be much less 

 numerous in the Isle of Pines, since, while given by Gundlach as a 

 native of the island, it was not encountered there by either Mr. Zappey 

 or Mr. Link, although Mr. Read claims to have observed it on sundry 

 occasions. He writes that the " Rusty Blackbird " of his earlier 

 articles was probably this species. 



135. Holoquiscalus caymanensis dispar subsp. nov. Isle of Pines 

 Grackle. 



Quiscalus barytus (not Gracula harita Linnaeus) Poey, Mem. Hist. Nat. Cuba, 1854, 



426 (Nueva Gerona, fide Gundlach). 

 Quiscalus gundlachii (not of Cassin) Gundlach, Orn. Cubana, 1895, 124, part 



(I. of Pines). 

 Holoquiscalus gundlachii Ridgway, Bull. \J. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, II, 1902, 226," 



part (I. of Pines, in geog. distr.). — Bangs & Zappey, Am. Nat., XXXIX, 1905, 



211 (Santa Fe; habits; meas.; crit.). — Sharpe, Hand-List Birds, V, 1909, 509, 



