XXXViii. The Birds of Pembrokeshtre. 
the Nash Light, heading north-west, on April r5th. Accurious fact is 
reported from one of the Milford Haven light-houses respecting the 
Puffins ; it is stated that they annually strike against the light at the 
beginning of September, and do not do so at any other season in 
the year. 
The great bulk of the migrants that arrive in this country in the 
autumn come from the northern parts of Europe, and land upon the 
eastern and north-eastern shores of England and Scotland. Those 
that reach the western and south-western counties, and South Wales, 
cross England by river valleys chiefly ; a very large number of birds 
make their passage over the narrowest part of the island, where we 
have the boundary between England and Scotland, and, striking the 
Solway Firth, travel down the north-west coasts. But eventually it 
is only a fraction, and that a fraction with its denominator ever 
increasing, that reaches the shores of South Wales and the south-west 
peninsula of England. The Knot, for example, still visits More- 
cambe Bay, on the coast of Lancashire, in thousands every autumn 
and winter, where the flocks are well known to the local shore- 
gunners by the pretty name of “ School-girls,” but it is a species that 
has, for some years, been extremely rare on our Pembrokeshire sands 
and oozes. We think that it may be regarded as a fact that the 
extreme south-west parts of the United Kingdom participate, in a 
comparatively small degree, in the great autumn rush of birds from 
the continent. Nor do they share, to any very much greater extent, 
in the spring migrants that reach us from the south and south-east. 
Our summer visitors come to us from very great distances, and 
there are few that wing their way only from the south of Europe 
and from Northern Africa. The Swallows, the Cuckoo, and many 
of the Warblers, have to return from their winter quarters about the 
Equator, or even from so far to the south as the Cape. They 
approach us by crossing France, by the Rhine valley to the east, or 
vid Spain, the west coast of France, and directly across the Bay of 
Biscay to the west. The greater number traverse the English 
Channel at its narrowest part at the Straits of Dover, and, landing 
on the Sussex coast, disperse inland to the north, east, and west ; 
but the main body, with respect to several species, becomes exhausted 
before the extreme western counties can receive their contingent, and 
