The Birds of Pembrokeshire. abd, 
from each other in many particulars. In the southern portion the 
soils afforded by the carboniferous limestone and old red sandstone 
are of good quality, and the farms on Lord Cawdor’s estate in Castle 
Martin and the adjoining parishes may vie in excellence and fertility 
with any in the kingdom, This district is celebrated for a compact 
and hardy race of pure black cattle, which has been long known and 
highly prized as the ‘“ Castle Martin breed.” Horses, too, of the 
“Pembrokeshire breed,” find their home here, and are often sent 
away into the English markets. The soil of the coal districts is very 
poor, but there is some improvement to the northward, and all along 
the coast line it is eminently suited to the cultivation of barley, the 
crops produced in the neighbourhood of St. David’s obtaining high 
prices for malting purposes. The northern part of the county is 
chiefly composed of ‘‘ mountain,’ 
covered with furze and heather, with occasional parcels of good 
alluvial land in the valleys. The lofty Precelly Mountains, that form 
the chief watershed, are drawn zigzag across from the northern coast 
? 
z.e., barren, uncultivated ground, 
south-eastward through the heart of the county, cutting off a small 
portion on the Cardigan side. Their loftiest peaks, Foel Eryr and 
Foel Cwm Cerfwyn, rise 1,700 feet above the sea-level. The latter 
is marked on the ordnance map as 1,758 feet, and is surmounted by 
a cairn and flag-staff. These beautiful hills materially affect the dis- 
tribution of the summer migrants in the county. On their north- 
eastern, or Cardigan side, the Redstart, Garden Warbler, Wood 
Wren, and Wryneck are all to be noted, whereas, on their western 
side, and in the central and southern portions of the county, these 
birds are either entirely unknown, or but very rarely seen. The 
coast on the north of the county is more lofty and precipitous than 
it is in the south, where sandhills and warrens, or ivy-covered cliffs 
of inconsiderable altitude make up the sea front. Following the 
coast from the northern boundary of the county from Cardigan Bar 
at the mouth of the Teifi, a noble salmon river that forms the north- 
eastern boundary for some distance, we meet with a succession of 
bays, and lofty promontories. First comes Newport Bay, bounded 
on the south-west by the bold and rocky Dinas Head; then follows 
Fishguard Bay, with the sands and oozes of Goodwick. To the 
