lateral ones; four sub-median having on the 
inside a kind of small pad. Oesophagus mea- 
sures 3,6 mm. to 3,8 mm., is composed of 
three more or less equal parts: the two first 
are distinguished by the degree of chitinisa- 
tion, the second by the darker colouring, the 
last by its greater diameter ending in a sphe- 
tical bulb, which contains chitinous plates. 
Initial part of intestine dilated, in direct com- 
munication with oesophagean bulb, after- 
wards constricted and with uniform diame- 
ter to the anus. 
Male: Tail curved ventrally. Ample cloaca 
with prominent rims, opening 0,650 mm. from 
caudal extremity. Sucker but slightly develo- 
ped, longitudinal, cleft-like, situated in the 
middle ventral line, 2, 3—2,5 mm. above the 
cloaca. Spicules two, equal, 1,675 mm. 
long and 0,095--0,110 mm. accompanied by 
hollowed out accessory piece, which measu- 
res about 0,400 mm. in length and 0,200 in 
width in the middle part and 0,160 mm. in 
posterior part. No caudal expansions. Caudal 
papillae eleven pairs: six pre-anal and five 
post-anal. 
Female: Tail rectilinear, abruptly attenua- 
ted from the anus, 0,900 mm. from posterior 
extremity, with a papilla on each side, corres- 
ponding to the dorsal papilla of the caudal 
group of the male. Vulva opens a little 
behind the posterior third. The two uterine 
branches are turned in parallel direction 
towards the front. Eggs oblong, thin-shelled, 
segmented in 2,4 or even 8 blastomeres 
when emitted, measuring 0,10 to 0,117 length 
and 0,052 to 0,062 mm. in width. 
Habitat: Testudo emys Schleg. 
Geographical distribution: Asia (India, 
Malasia). 
Cissophyllus roseus (Leidy, 1851) Barreto 
1917. (1) 
Dimensions: 
3 Length: 21 mm.: width: 1,5 mm. 
Q Length: 31 mm.; width: 26 mm. 
Note (1).—We translate Diesing’s diagnosis, although 
very incomplete; unfortunately, we could not obtain 
Leidy’s work. 
48 
Body spindle-shaped, rectilinear, pink-red 
in colour: anterior apex obtuse, tail straight, 
conical and pointed. 
Habitat: intestine of Testudo sp. Testu- 
do emys Schleg. 
Geographical distribution: Asia (Java.) 
Cissophyllus (?) penita (Leidy, 1889), 
Barreto 1017. 
Dimensions: 
S Length: 10,50 mm.; width: 0,385 mm. 
2 Length: 10,50 to 14,70, width: 1,05 
mm. 
Body cylindrical, tapering at extremities, 
more attenuated in the anterior part. Oeso- 
phagus long, cylindrical, followed by spheri- 
cal or oval bulb; length of oesophagus, 1,75 
mm.; width, 0,125 mm. Bulb: 0,25 mm. Ini- 
tial part of intestine dilated. 
Male: tail strongly curved, the end being 
near the genital opening; has four pairs of 
papillae. Spicules, extremely large’: 0,08 mm. 
Female: Tail long, straight, conical, ta- 
pering, 1,25 mm. long. Vulva in the posterior 
third of body. 
Habitat: intestine of Chrysemys scripta 
Schoelf. 
Geographical disirbution: United States 
of North Ámerica. 
Genus HETEROXYNEMA Hall, 1916. 
Synonyms. 
Heteroxynema Hall, 1916—p. 56 to 60 
text-figs. 64 to 69. 
Diagnosis of the genus. 
Subulurinae: Mouth with three lips, three 
rudimentary teeth, not always present. Cervi- 
Note 2.—Leidy and Railliet & Henry give as hosts, 
two tortoises from Java: Testudo sp. and Manouria 
fusca. According to the Catalogue of Chelonians pu- 
blished by the British Museum, the species Manouria 
fusca of Gray corresponds to Testudo emys. Schleg. 
Perhaps then. Cissophyllus laevrani of Railliet & 
Henry ought to be identified with the species Cuculla- 
nus roseus, though we cannot assert this as we were 
unable to consult the descriptions by Leidy. 
