foe 
and cluftering. In England, therefore, the buildings, erected) in 
the time of the Norman princes were in a ftyle compounded of 
both; to the fimple and primitive Saxon adding the rich decorations 
and enlarged dimenfions of the Norman ftructure. * The, body 
or trunk of the pillars. were ufually plain cylinders, or fet off 
only with fmall half columns united»to them; but, to adorn them, 
they fometimes ufed the fpiral grove winding round them, and 
the net or lozenge work overfpreading them.. The capitals were, 
in general, left plain without any manner of fculpture, though 
inflances occur, in fome cafes, of foliage and animals on them. 
As to the arches, though for the moft part plain and fimple, 
yet fome of their principal ones, as thofe over the chief entrance 
at the weft end, and others more expofed to view, were abun- 
dantly charged with peculiar {culpture, as the chevron work or 
zig-zag moulding ; the embattled frette, the triangular frette, the 
nail-head, the billeted moulding, ‘and ~the hatchet moulding. 
To adorn the infide walls below, they had rows of little pillars 
and arches; and applied them alfo to decorate large vacant {paces 
in the walls without; they ufed alfo the corbel table ; and the 
nebule, which was a projection terminating in an undulating 
line. To thefe marks of the’Saxon and Norman ftyle, we 
may add, that they had no tabernacles or niches with canopies, 
or pinnacles, or fpires, or any ftatues to adorn the outfide of their 
buildings, though fometimes they had miniature relievo figures 
over the doors. “+ The marks which conftitute the character of 
what is called the Gothic architeCture, are its projeCting buttreffes, 
its pinnacles and fpires, large ramified windows, niches, canopies 
eae and 
* Bentham’s antiquities of Ely cathedral. 
+ Rious’s architecture. 
